???? ?????????

???? ????????? ( ?????? ? artes liberales ), ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ????, ????? ???????????? ???? ?????? (?????????) ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????????, ??????????????? ??????????, ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ????????????? ???????? ????????????? (??????????? ? ???????????????? ????????? ??????????????????? ?? ?????????????????????? ???? ??????????)? ??? ?????????? ????????????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????, ????? ? ?????? ????? ???????????? ????? ???????????????? ???????????????, ???????????????? ? ???????????????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???, ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????? (trivium)? ????? ????????, ??? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ????????, ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? (quadrivium), ????? ???? ??????????????, ????????????????, ?????????????? ? ???????????????? (??? ???????? ?? ??? ??????????????????? )? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?

???? ????????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ? ????????? ????????????, ?????????, ???????????????, ??????????, ????????????, ????????????? ? ??? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ^[1], ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????????? ? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????? ????? ???????????????? ?? ???? ????????? ??????????? ? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ????? ??? ??????????? ????????????, ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ????????

???? 5?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ?????????????? , ?????????? , ??????????????? , ????????????? , ??????????????? , ????????????? , ? ???????????????? ? ??????????? ???????????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ^[2]^[3]

????? ( Trivium )

?????? ( Quadrivium )

?????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

↑ Master of Liberal Arts on harvard.edu. Retrieved 04 January 2012.
↑ ≪James Burke: The Day the Universe Changed In the Light Of the Above ≫ .
↑ Wagner, David Leslie (1983). The Seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages . Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253351852 . ??????? ? 2013 ?? ???????? 5-?? . at Questia [1]

[harvard-1] Master of Liberal Arts on harvard.edu. Retrieved 04 January 2012.

[2] ≪James Burke: The Day the Universe Changed In the Light Of the Above ≫ .

[Wagner1983-3] Wagner, David Leslie (1983). The Seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages . Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253351852 . ??????? ? 2013 ?? ???????? 5-?? . at Questia [1]

[1]

[2]

[3]