??? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???? ? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ? ??????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????

???? ?????????
???????????????	flight engineer ? ???????? ??????????
???????? ? ??????????	??? ???????? ???? ????? [1] ??????? ????????? ????? ???? [1] ???????????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????
Wright brothers [1] ?????????????

???? ?????????? ? ????? ????? ( ??????? 19 1871 - ??????? 30 1948 ) ? ???????? ????? ( ????? 16 1867 - ????? 30 1912 ) ?????? ?? ????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ? ???????????, ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ????? ????????????????, ??????, ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ????? ????? ?????

??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????

?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ?????????? ?????? ????? (1828-1917) ? ??????? ?????? ???????? (1831-1889) ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ? ????????? (??????? ??????) 1867 ????????? ????? ????? ????? ? ????????? (????? ??????) 1871 ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? (1874-1929), ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ????

??? ??????? ? ????????????????????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????????, ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????, ????? 1892 ???????? ????? ?? ≪???? ??????????? ????????????≫ ??????????? ????????????, ????????? ? ???????????? ?????????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ??? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????, ????? ????????, ???? ?????????? ? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????????????? ???? ????? 1899 ???????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????????, ??? ????????? ???????????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? 3-???????? ?????????? ????????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????, ????? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??????

???? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????????, ?????? ?????????????, ?? ???????? ????????? (????????? ????????? ? ????? ?????????) ???? ?, ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????, ? ??????? ????????? ?? 100-?? ???? ????? ?????????? ? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ? ??? ???????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ???????????, ???????????, ?????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????

?????????????????????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????, ? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ????????? ? ??? ????????????? ????????????????

???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ?????? ????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????? ???????? ??? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ????, ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????????? (????? 1899 ????????), ???????????? ≪??? ????????≫ ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ???-?? ???? ?????, ??? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ???, ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????????????, ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????

1900 ?.-?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? , ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ?? ?????, ????????? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????????????? 1900 ???????? ????? 1902 ??????? ????? ???????????????? ????? ????????????? ??? ????? ????????????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ??????????????? 1902 ??????? ???? ?????????????? , ????????? ??? ????????????????? ????????, ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? 1000 ????????? ????????? 1903 ?.-? ????? 23 -?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ? ≪??? ?????≫ ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? (821,393 ??? ?????????? ≪????? ????????≫ ????? ????? 1906 ?. ?????? 23 -??)? 1903 ??????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????

1903 ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? - ?????????? ?????? I (????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ), ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? 80% ??????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????? ????????? ???? ???-??????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? (????????? ??, ?? ????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???? ???)

?????? ????, 1903 ?.-? ?????????? 17 -?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? 2 ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ??? ?????? 39 ???? 12 ????????? ?????????, ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???? 4-?? ?????? ?????????, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??, ???????? ????? ????? 279 ???? 59 ????????? ??????????

?????????? ???????? ???? 4 ?????????? ? ?? ???????? ???, ? ?? ?????? ? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????

?????? I -? ????????? ??????? 1000 ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? 12 ???? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? 340 ???????? ? ????? ?? 12 ?????? (9??) ??????????? 77 ???????? ????? ???????

?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??, ?????????

1. ????????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????????, ????? ???????? ???? ?????????
2. ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???????, ??????? ? ????? ????g???????
3. ?????? ????????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????????

????????????? ? ??? ??? ?????, ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????? (???????? ??????????? ??????????? ? ?????????????), ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ????????????

?????? ? ????, ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????????, ??? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ????????, ????????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????????, ?????????????? ? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????????????? ? ???????, ? ????????? ? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ??, ????????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????????

??????? ???????? [ ???????? | ???????? ???? ]

• Kitty Hawk - Kill Devil Hills Wright Brothers Photographs 1900-1911 - Library of Congress
• Plane truth: list of greatest technical breakthroughs in manned flight
• Video clips about the invention of the airplane
• About Santos Dumont first flight in Paris, with the "14-bis" ?????????? 2003-08-20 Wayback Machine
• The Pioneer Aviation Group web site contains many pictures of early flying machines and a comprehensive chronology of flight attempts
• HTML version of the Wright brothers' original patent
• Analysis of Wright Brother work ?????????? 2005-08-22 Wayback Machine
• First to Fly .com ?????????? 2006-01-18 Wayback Machine
• U.S. Centennial of Flight ?????????? 2005-04-19 Wayback Machine 2003 celebration of the 100th anniversary of the first flight
• AeroSpace Show - RTP-TV 2003 Video Tour of Wright Brothers Monument at Kill Devil Hills
• New Scientist Magazine ?????????? 2005-04-19 Wayback Machine Scientific Firsts: Print of Wright Flyer in France 1907
• PBS Nova: The Wright Brothers' Flying Machines
• 1905 Wright Flyer III
• National Park Service, Wright Brothers' Memorial

??????????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????????? ?? ≪???? ?????????≫ ?????????

?????????? ? ??????????????? ????????? · ????????? (12-??) · ?????????? ? ?????? ???? · ??????? · ?????????? · Universalis · Universalis

1. ↑ ^{1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3} https://www.biography.com/people/groups/the-wright-brothers