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???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? - ?????????? ??????? ?? ????

???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????

????? ???????? ?????????? ??

?????? ???? , ???????? ?? ??????-?????? ?????? ?????? 2 ????? 2005 ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????
?????? 9.1?9.3 ?
????? 30 ?????? (98,000 ???)
?????????? ????? 3°18′58″N 95°51′14″E  /  3.316°N 95.854°E  / 3.316; 95.854 ?????????? : 3°18′58″N 95°51′14″E  /  3.316°N 95.854°E  / 3.316; 95.854
?????? ??????????
???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????
???. ??????? IX ( ?????????? )
??????
  • 15 ?? 30 ??? (50 ?? 100 ???); [1]
  • max. 51 ??? (167 ???) [2]
????? 227,898 ????? [3] [4] [5]

2004 ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? (???? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????, ????????-?????? ????? [6] [7] ) 26 ?? ??????? ??? (UTC / 7) ??? 07:58:53 ?? ??? ??????, ?????? ????????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? 9.1?9.3 ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? [8]

????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??, ?? 21 ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? [9] ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??, ?? ?????? ?? 14 ????? ??? ???????? 227,898 ????? ?? ??? ?? ??, ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??-??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? (????) ??? ????? (??????????), ????????, ???????? (????) ?? ??? ??? (???????) ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

  1. "Astonishing Wave Heights Among the Findings of an International Tsunami Survey Team on Sumatra" . U.S. Geological Survey. ??? ?? 27 August 2016 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 16 June 2016 .
  2. Paris, Raphael; Cachao, Mario; Fournier, Jerome; Voldoire, Olivier (1 April 2010). "Nannoliths abundance and distribution in tsunami deposits: example from the December 26, 2004 tsunami in Lhok Nga (north-west Sumatra, Indonesia)" . Geomorphologie : Relief, Processus, Environnement . 16 (1): 109?118. ????? : 10.4000/geomorphologie.7865 .
  3. "Joint evaluation of the international response to the Indian Ocean tsunami: Synthesis Report" (PDF) . TEC. July 2006. ??? (PDF) ?? 25 August 2006 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 July 2018 .
  4. "Earthquakes with 50,000 or More Deaths" . U.S. Geological Survey. ??? ?? 5 June 2013 ?? ?????????.
  5. "Indian Ocean tsunami anniversary: Memorial events held" . BBC News . 26 December 2014 . ?????? ???? 15 December 2016 .
  6. Lay, T.; Kanamori, H.; Ammon, C.; Nettles, M.; Ward, S.; Aster, R.; Beck, S.; Bilek, S.; Brudzinski, M.; Butler, R.; DeShon, H.; Ekstrom, G.; Satake, K.; Sipkin, S. (20 May 2005). "The Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake of 26 December 2004" (PDF) . Science . 308 (5725): 1127?1133. PMID   15905392 . S2CID   43739943 . ????? : 10.1126/science.1112250 . ?????? : 2005Sci...308.1127L .
  7. "Tsunamis and Earthquakes: Tsunami Generation from the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake ? USGS Western Coastal and Marine Geology" . Walrus.wr.usgs.gov . ?????? ???? 12 August 2010 .
  8. "?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????" .
  9. "Analysis of the Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake Reveals Longest Fault Rupture Ever" . National Science Foundation. 19 May 2005 . ?????? ???? 15 December 2016 .