?????? ???????

**?????? ???????**
?????? ???????
	; Branson at Chatham House in March 2015
????	Richard Charles Nicholas Branson ; 18 ????? 1950 (??? 73) ; Blackheath, London , England
???????????	British
????	Businessman, author and commercial astronaut
????????	1966?present
??? ????	US$ 5.9 billion (3 July 2021)
????????? ?? ????	Founder of the Virgin Group
????????	Kristen Tomassi ( ??? 1972; ?????? 1979) ; Joan Templeman ( ??? 1989)
?????	3 (1 deceased)
??????	G. A. H. Branson (grandfather) ; Vanessa Branson (sister)
	?????????

?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (???? ?? ????? ????) ^[3] ?? ???????? ????????, ??????, ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ^[4]^[5] 1970 ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??, ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? 400 ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ^[6]

??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 16 ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????, ???????? ???? ??????? ??? 1970 ???, ???????? ?? ???-????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? 1972 ??? ??????? ?????, ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ???????? ????, ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? 1980 ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????, ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????

2007 ???, ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? 100 ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? 2021 ???, ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? US$5.7 ?????? ??? ???????? ???[2]

?? ????? ???? ??, ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??.??. ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???, ^[7] ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??.? ??? (??.? ????) ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ^[8]^[9] ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ^[10]

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

↑ Branson, Sir Richard (Charles Nicholas) . ???? ?? . 2014 (online Oxford University Press ???????). ? & ?? ????? , ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???. (???????????? ??????)
↑ "Richard Branson" . ??? ?? 20 April 2020 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 3 July 2021 .
↑ "Famous birthdays for July 18: Vin Diesel, Kristen Bell" . United Press International . 18 July 2019. ??? ?? 19 July 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 August 2019 . Businessman Richard Branson in 1950 (age 69)
↑ List of Companies related to Richard Branson Archived 28 ????? 2016 at the ????? ????
↑ Chang, Kenneth (2021-07-11). "Branson Completes Virgin Galactic Flight, Aiming to Open Up Space Tourism" . The New York Times (????????? ???). ???????????? 0362-4331 . ?????? ???? 2021-07-12 .
↑ "London's 1000 most influential people 2010: Tycoons & Retailers" . Evening Standard . London. 26 November 2010. ??? ?? 3 March 2011 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 11 June 2011 .
↑ "Richard Branson reaches space on Virgin Galactic flight" .
↑ "Richard Branson successfully completes flight to space with Virgin Galactic" . The Independent (????????? ???). 2021-07-11 . ?????? ???? 2021-07-11 .
↑ "Billionaire Richard Branson reaches space in his own ship" . AP News (????????? ???). 2021-07-11 . ?????? ???? 2021-07-11 .
↑ "?????? ??????: ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????" .

????? ??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

[whoswho-1] Branson, Sir Richard (Charles Nicholas) . ???? ?? . 2014 (online Oxford University Press ???????). ? & ?? ????? , ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???. (???????????? ??????)

[FSB-2] "Richard Branson" . ??? ?? 20 April 2020 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 3 July 2021 .

[3] "Famous birthdays for July 18: Vin Diesel, Kristen Bell" . United Press International . 18 July 2019. ??? ?? 19 July 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 August 2019 . Businessman Richard Branson in 1950 (age 69)

[4] List of Companies related to Richard Branson Archived 28 ????? 2016 at the ????? ????

[5] Chang, Kenneth (2021-07-11). "Branson Completes Virgin Galactic Flight, Aiming to Open Up Space Tourism" . The New York Times (????????? ???). ???????????? 0362-4331 . ?????? ???? 2021-07-12 .

[6] "London's 1000 most influential people 2010: Tycoons & Retailers" . Evening Standard . London. 26 November 2010. ??? ?? 3 March 2011 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 11 June 2011 .

[7] "Richard Branson reaches space on Virgin Galactic flight" .

[8] "Richard Branson successfully completes flight to space with Virgin Galactic" . The Independent (????????? ???). 2021-07-11 . ?????? ???? 2021-07-11 .

[9] "Billionaire Richard Branson reaches space in his own ship" . AP News (????????? ???). 2021-07-11 . ?????? ???? 2021-07-11 .

[10] "?????? ??????: ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????" .

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