??????

?????? ?? ?????? (discrimination) ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?? ???????, ???? ????????? ?????-??????? ?? ? ????? ???, ???? ???? ????, ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????, ???????, ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????, ???????, ?????, ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ^[1]^[2]

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

↑ Introduction to sociology. 7th ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc, 2009. p. 334.
↑ "Bibliography on Race, Gender and Affirmative Action" . Race, Gender, and Affirmative Action . University of Michigan. ??? ?? 4 ??? 2010 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 28 September 2014 .

[1] Introduction to sociology. 7th ed. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc, 2009. p. 334.

[2] "Bibliography on Race, Gender and Affirmative Action" . Race, Gender, and Affirmative Action . University of Michigan. ??? ?? 4 ??? 2010 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 28 September 2014 .

[1]

[2]