???????? ????? ????

???????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ^[5] ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??, ????? ??? ? ?? ? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???

?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????, ??????? ? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??, ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ^[6] ?? ????? ?? ???-????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???, ???? ??????? ??? '????????????' (???????? ?????? ????), ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? '??????????????' (???????? ????????? ????)? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? (??????? ??????) ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? (?????? ???? ??) ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???, ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???

????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???, ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ^[7] ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???, ?? ??? ??? ???, ???? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ??, ???? ???????????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ^[8]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

↑ "Ukraine removes last conscripts from war zone" . ??? ?? 22 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ "Military conscription to stop completely from 2018" . ??? ?? 29 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ "Turkey: How Conscription Reform Will Change the Military" . ??? ?? 20 ??????? 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ "Kazakh Military Draft To End By 2016" . ??? ?? 22 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ "Conscription" . Merriam-Webster Online. ??? ?? 18 ????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ "Seeking Sanctuary: Draft Dodgers" . CBC Digital Archives . ??? ?? 28 ??? 2011 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ "World War II" . The Canadian Encyclopedia. ??? ?? 19 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .
↑ Asal, Victor; Conrad, Justin; Toronto, Nathan (2017-08-01). "I Want You! The Determinants of Military Conscription" . Journal of Conflict Resolution (????????? ???). 61 (7): 1456?1481. ???????????? 0022-0027 . ????? : 10.1177/0022002715606217 .

????? ??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

???????? ?? conscription ?? ???????
?????????? ?????? ?? Conscription ?? ????????? ??????

[1] "Ukraine removes last conscripts from war zone" . ??? ?? 22 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[auto1-2] "Military conscription to stop completely from 2018" . ??? ?? 29 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[3] "Turkey: How Conscription Reform Will Change the Military" . ??? ?? 20 ??????? 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[4] "Kazakh Military Draft To End By 2016" . ??? ?? 22 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[mw-5] "Conscription" . Merriam-Webster Online. ??? ?? 18 ????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[6] "Seeking Sanctuary: Draft Dodgers" . CBC Digital Archives . ??? ?? 28 ??? 2011 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[7] "World War II" . The Canadian Encyclopedia. ??? ?? 19 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 ?????? 2018 .

[:2-8] Asal, Victor; Conrad, Justin; Toronto, Nathan (2017-08-01). "I Want You! The Determinants of Military Conscription" . Journal of Conflict Resolution (????????? ???). 61 (7): 1456?1481. ???????????? 0022-0027 . ????? : 10.1177/0022002715606217 .

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