???? ?????? ????? ???

????? ???????? ?????????? ??

???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??.??.???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???: ???? ?????? ????? ??? (??? ???) ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? (???? ???)?

?????? [ ??????? ???? ]

????? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? 1929 ?. ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??? (????????) ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????? [1] [2]

????-???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? 1934 ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? (??????) ?? ??? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??, ??????? ??????? ??? ??, [3] ??? ?????? 1935 ???, ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? [4] ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? [5] ????? ????, ??????????, ?????? ?????, ????? ????, ??????? (???????) ?????, ????? ??????????? , ??? ????????? , ??? ????? ?????? , ???????? ?????? , ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? 1936 ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? 1937 ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??, ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??, ?? ???-??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? [4] [6]

??? ?? ?????? ???, ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????, ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ????? [2] 1938 ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??, ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? [4] ?? 1942 ?? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ????? ????? 1942 ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? [7] ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????

????? ???, ?????????? ?????? ?? '?? ?????' (??????? ???) ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??, ?? ????, ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? [8]

???1964 ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???, ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????

??????? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???:

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

  1. ↑ Bandyop?dhy?ya, ?ekhara (2004). From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India . Orient Longman . ???? 523 (at p 406). ????????????   978-81-250-2596-2 .
  2. ↑ ? ? Peasant Struggles in India , by Akshayakumar Ramanlal Desai. Published by Oxford University Press, 1979. Page 349 .
  3. ↑ Peasants in India's Non-violent Revolution: Practice and Theory , by Mridula Mukherjee . Published by SAGE, 2004. ISBN   0-7619-9686-9 . Page 136 .
  4. ↑ ? ? ? ??????? ??????: <ref> ?? ??? ??????; ma ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???
  5. ↑ Bandyop?dhy?ya, ?ekhara (2004). From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India . Orient Longman . ???? 523 (at p 407). ????????????   978-81-250-2596-2 .
  6. ↑ ??????? ??????: <ref> ?? ??? ??????; sta ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???
  7. ↑ Caste, Protest and Identity in Colonial India: The Namasudras of Bengal, 1872-1947 , by Shekhar Bandyopadhyaya. Routledge, 1997. ISBN   0-7007-0626-7 . Page 233 .
  8. ↑ Peasants in India's Non-violent Revolution: Practice and Theory , by Mridula Mukherjee . Published by SAGE, 2004. ISBN   0-7619-9686-9 . Page 347 .

???? ??? [ ??????? ???? ]

  • ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? - Swami Sahajanand and the Peasants of Jharkhand: A View from 1941 translated and edited by Walter Hauser along with the unedited Hindi original ( Manohar Publishers , paperback, 2005).
  • Sahajanand on Agricultural Labour and the Rural Poor translated and edited by Walter Hauser Manohar Publishers, paperback, 2005).
  • Religion, Politics, and the Peasants: A Memoir of India's Freedom Movement translated and edited by Walter Hauser Manohar Publishers, hardbound, 2003).
  • Swami And Friends: Sahajanand Saraswati And Those Who Refuse To Let The Past of Bihar's Peasant Movements Become History By Arvind Narayan Das , Paper for the Peasant Symposium, May 1997 University Of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia
" https://hi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=????_??????_?????_???&oldid=5712329 " ?? ???????