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चन्द्रयान-द्वितीय (लैण्डर एवं ऑर्बिटर का सम्मिलित रूप)
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????????-? ?? ???????? ??????? , ????????-1 ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??, [7] [8] [9] ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? [10] [11] ?????? ?? ???????? ????? 3 ????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? (?????) ???? ???? [12] [5] ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? [13] ???? ?? ????????-2 ?? 22 ????? 2019 ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? 02:43 ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? [14]

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????????- 1 ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? (MIP) 14 ????? 2008 ?? ????? ??? ?? ????, ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? [17] ????????, ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ???, ????????-2 ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??, ????????-2 ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????, ????? ?????? 67°-70° ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? [18]

???????, ?????? ??? ?????? ???? 1:52 ???, ????? ??????? ?? ???? 2.1 ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??? [19] ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? [20]

8 ?????? 2019 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????????-2 ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? [21]

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12 ????? 2007 ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ( ?????????? ) ?? ???????????? ?? ????????-2 ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? [22] ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????

???? ????? ?? 18 ?????? 2008 ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? [23] ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? 2009 ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? [24] [25]

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  • ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???? 3?? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????

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??????? 100 ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??? [33] ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???, ???? ?? ???? ????????-1 ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? 2379 ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? [1] [33] [34] ????? ?? ???, ???????? 2 ke ??????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? (????????) ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? 100X100 ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???

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??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????, ???????? ?????, ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????, ?? ????? ??? ???? (800 ??????) ?? ?????????, ????????????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ??? [1] [33] ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????????? 513 ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? [34] ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? 2016 ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? 10 ?????? ???? ???

???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? 800 N ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? 30 ???? × 100 ???? (19 ??? × 62 ???) ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??-????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????, ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? 14 ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ???? [36] [37]

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????????-2 ?? '????????' ???? ???? ?? 6 ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? '???????????' ?? '?????' ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? 27 ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? 50 W ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? 500 ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? [26] [35]

?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? [38] :

  1. ??????????????? ????? ?????? 3?? ?????? - ???? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? 3?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????
  2. ???????? ???????? (?????) ??????? - ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????
  3. ???????? ?? ???? ???????? - ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????

???????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? (????????) ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ~14 ?????? ??? ??, ??????? ???? ?????????????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???????, ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????/????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??, ????? ???????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? [39] [40] ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? [41] [42]

????? [ ??????? ???? ]

???????? ?????? (??.) ???(?????????) ????(???)
???????? ???????? ??????? [43] 1 20 100
????? ?????? [43] 2 6 15
????????? [43] 2 1.5 8
???????? ???? [43] 2 1.5 8
??????? ????? [43] 2 2 5

???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???????. [44] ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????, [45] ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???-?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????.

??????? ?????
  • ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? (?????????) ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? (ISAC), ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????-?? ?????????????? (?????) ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? (PRL), ???????? ?? ???? ????-?? ?????? (XSM). [26]
  • ????? ????????? ????? (SAC), ???????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? (?????); ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? (??????? ????) ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???. ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???
  • ????? ????????? ????? (SAC), ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????????????? (IIRS); ????, ????, ??? ???????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???.
  • ???????? ?????? ?????????? (SPL), ???????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????????? (ChACE2); ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???.
  • ????? ????????? ????? (SAC), ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????-2 (??????-2); ???????? ?? ????-??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???.
????? ?????
  • ?????????? - ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? [6]
  • ????? ????? - ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? [6]
  • ??????? ????? - ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??? [6]
  • ?????? ????????? ?????? - ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? [6]
???? ?????

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

  1. ↑ ? ? ? ? Nair, Avinash (31 May 2015). "ISRO to deliver "eyes and ears" of Chandrayaan-2 by 2015-end" . The Indian Express . ??? ?? 15 ?????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 August 2016 .
  2. ↑ ? ? ? ? "Chandrayaan-2 to Be Launched in January 2019, Says ISRO Chief" . Gadgets360 . ???????? ?????? . Press Trust of India. 29 August 2018. ??? ?? 29 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 29 August 2018 .
  3. ↑ ? ? ? ? "ISRO to send first Indian into Space by 2022 as announced by PM, says Dr Jitendra Singh" . Indian Department of Space. 28 August 2018. ??? ?? 28 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 29 August 2018 .
  4. ↑ "Chandrayaan-2 - Home" . ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? . ??? ?? 29 ????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? June 20, 2019 .
  5. ↑ ? ? Shenoy, Jaideep (28 February 2016). "ISRO chief signals India's readiness for Chandrayaan II mission" . The Times of India . Times News Network. ??? ?? 20 ????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 August 2016 .
  6. ↑ ? ? ? ? ? ? Kiran Kumar, Aluru Seelin (August 2015). Chandrayaan-2 - India's Second Moon Mission . YouTube.com . Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics. ??? ?? 13 ?????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 August 2016 .
  7. ↑ "???????? 1 ?? 2 ??? ???? ????, ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??..." ??? ?? 10 ?????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 ?????? 2019 .
  8. ↑ "????????-2: ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????" .
  9. ↑ "Chandrayaan-2 landing: 40% lunar missions in last 60 years failed, finds Nasa report" . ??? ?? 8 ?????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 ?????? 2019 .
  10. ↑ "Chandrayaan-2 launch put off: India, Israel in lunar race for 4th position" . ??? ?? 19 ????? 2018 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 5 ????? 2018 .
  11. ↑ "Apollo-11 took 4 days to reach Moon, Chandrayaan-2 taking 48 days. Explained" . ??? ?? 9 ????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 ????? 2019 .
  12. ↑ "GSLV-Mk III, India's 'Baahubali' rocket for Gaganyaan, Chandrayaan II" . ??? ?? 6 ??? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 12 ??? 2019 .
  13. ↑ "India Slips In Lunar Race With Israel As Ambitious Mission Hits Delays" . ??? ?? 24 ??? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 5 ????? 2018 .
  14. ↑ Prasad, S. (23 January 2016). "Chandrayaan-2 launch likely by 2018" . ? ?????? . ?????? ???? 29 January 2016 .
  15. ↑ Subramanian, T. S. (4 January 2007). "ISRO plans Moon rover" . The Hindu . ?????? ???? 22 October 2008 .
  16. ↑ Rathinavel, T.; Singh, Jitendra (24 November 2016). "Question No. 1084: Deployment of Rover on Lunar Surface" (PDF) . ????? ??? . ??? (PDF) ?? 2 ????? 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 29 ??? 2019 .
  17. ↑ "Tricolour's 4th national flag on Moon" . The Economic Times . 15 November 2008. ??? ?? 12 January 2009 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 18 November 2008 .
  18. ↑ "World eyeing Chandrayaan-2 data as we'll explore the unexplored: Isro chief" . ??? ?? 23 ????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 22 ????? 2019 .
  19. ↑ "Extra brake thrust may have sent Vikram out of control in home stretch" . ??? ?? 8 ?????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 8 ?????? 2019 .
  20. ↑ "Did India's Chandrayaan-2 Moon Lander Survive? The Chances Are Slim" . ??? ?? 11 ?????? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 11 ?????? 2019 .
  21. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/06/science/india-moon-landng-chandrayaan-2.html [ ??? ??????? ]
  22. ↑ Chand, Manish (12 November 2007). "India, Russia to expand n-cooperation, defer Kudankulam deal" . Nerve . ??? ?? 13 ????? 2014 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 12 January 2014 .
  23. ↑ Sunderarajan, P. (19 September 2008). "Cabinet clears Chandrayaan-2" . ? ?????? . ?????? ???? 23 October 2008 .
  24. ↑ "ISRO completes Chandrayaan-2 design" . Domain-b.com . 17 August 2009. ??? ?? 8 ??? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 20 August 2009 .
  25. ↑ "India and Russia complete design of new lunar probe" . Sputnik News . RIA Novosti. 17 August 2009. ??? ?? 15 ?????? 2016 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 20 August 2009 .
  26. ↑ ? ? ? http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Payloads-for-Chandrayaan-2-finalised-to-carry-7-instruments/articleshow/6462647.cms Archived 2017-04-11 at the ????? ???? Payloads for Chandrayaan-2 finalised, to carry 7 instruments
  27. ↑ ? ? ? Ramachandran, R. (22 January 2013). "Chandrayaan-2: India to go it alone" . ? ?????? . ??? ?? 1 ????? 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 ????? 2016 .
  28. ↑ ? ? Laxman, Srinivas (6 February 2012). "India's Chandrayaan-2 Moon Mission Likely Delayed After Russian Probe Failure" . Asian Scientist . ??? ?? 8 ??? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 5 April 2012 .
  29. ↑ "India's next moon mission depends on Russia: ISRO chief" . ???????? ?????? . Indo-Asian News Service. 9 September 2012. ??? ?? 8 ??? 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 9 ????? 2016 .
  30. ↑ "Chandrayaan-2 CHANDRYN2" . NASA. ??? ?? 29 July 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 3 July 2019 .
  31. ↑ Rathinavel, T.; Singh, Jitendra (24 November 2016). "Question No. 1084: Deployment of Rover on Lunar Surface" (PDF) . Rajya Sabha. ??? (PDF) ?? 2 August 2017 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 2 August 2017 .
  32. ↑ Banerji, Abigail (13 July 2019). "Chandrayaan 2: Everything you need to know about the orbiter's mission and design" . First Post. ??? ?? 19 July 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 14 July 2019 .
  33. ↑ ? ? ? "Annual Report 2014-2015" (PDF) . ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????. ??????? 2014. ??? 82. ??? ?? 4 ????? 2016 ?? ????????? (PDF) . ?????? ???? 11 ????? 2016 .
  34. ↑ ? ? "Annual Report 2015-2016" (PDF) . ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????. ??????? 2015. ??? 89. ??? (PDF) ?? 5 ????? 2016 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 11 ????? 2016 .
  35. ↑ ? ? ??????? ??????: <ref> ?? ??? ??????; Economic ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???
  36. ↑ "Chandrayaan-2 Latest Update" . Indian Space Research Organisation. 7 September 2019. ??? ?? 8 September 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 7 September 2019 .
  37. ↑ India's Moon Mission Continues Despite Apparent Lander Crash. Archived 9 ?????? 2019 at the ????? ???? Mike Wall, space.com , 7 September 2019, Quote: "India's Moon Mission Continues Despite Apparent Lander Crash".
  38. ↑ "With robot hands, IIT-K profs bring joy to paralytics" . The Times of India . 2019. ??? ?? 20 July 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 10 July 2019 .
  39. ↑ "Dr M. Annadurai, project director, Chandrayaan-1: "Chandrayaan-2 logical extension of what we did in first mission " " . The Indian Express . 29 June 2019. ??? ?? 29 June 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 30 June 2019 .
  40. ↑ Payyappilly, Baiju; Muthusamy, Sankaran (17 January 2018). Design framework of a configurable electrical power system for lunar rover . ???? 1?6. S2CID   38638820 . ????????????   978-1-5090-4426-9 . ????? : 10.1109/ICPCES.2017.8117660 . ??? ?? 20 July 2021 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 13 July 2019 .
  41. ↑ "Ashoka Chakra, ISRO Logo, Flag: Chandrayaan-2 Set to Engrave India's Name on Moon for Centuries" . News18. ??? ?? 4 September 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 4 September 2019 .
  42. ↑ Curtain Raiser video (Hindi) . Indian Space Research Organisation. ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? 1 minute 55 seconds. ??? ?? 14 July 2019 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 4 September 2019 .
  43. ↑ ? ? ? ? ? Rekha, A. R.; Shukkoor, A. Abdul; Mohanlal, P. P. (2011). "Challenges in Navigation System design for Lunar Soft Landing" . National Conference on Space Transportation Systems. 16-18 December 2011. Thiruvananthapuram, ????.. p. 2. Archived from the original on 16 ????? 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160816084110/http://mohanlalpp.in/mysite/uploads/publish023.pdf . ?????? ????: 11 ????? 2016 .  
  44. ↑ Johnson (August 31, 2010). "Three new Indian payloads for Chandrayaan 2, decides ISRO" . Indian Express . ??? ?? 3 ????? 2010 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 31 ????? 2010 .
  45. ↑ "NASA and ESA to partner for chandrayaan-2" . Skaal Times. February 04, 2010. ??? ?? 15 ????? 2011 ?? ????????? . ?????? ???? 22 ????? 2010 . |firstlast= missing |lastlast= in first ( ??? ); |date= ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ( ??? )

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