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????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? 1818 ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? (1844 ??? ?????????) ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???, ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???, ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??, ???? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ??????, ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???

????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? [ ??????? ???? ]

????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???????? , ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???-??? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? - " ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? (solace) ???? ??; ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????"

????????? ?? ?????? [ ??????? ???? ]

????????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? , ?????? ?????? , ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????, ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ???

?????????? (Indology) [ ??????? ???? ]

????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? (Anquetil du Perron) ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????-???? (???? ?????) ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?

It is the most satisfying and elevating reading (with the exception of the original text) which is possible in the world; it has been the solace of my life and will be the solace of my death. ?????:Citequote

???????? (Oupnekhat) (?????? ??????) ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???????

????? ?? ?????? (animal rights) [ ??????? ???? ]

???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ???

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???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? (??? ??? ????) ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???

?????? ?? ????? [ ??????? ???? ]

• ????? ?????

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????? ??????? [ ??????? ???? ]

• Schopenhauers Philosophie der Kunst ^{[ ??? ??????? ]}
• Ross, Kelley L., 1998, " Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860). " Two short essays, on Schopenhauer's life and work, and on his dim view of academia.
• Freely accessible assorted essays by Arthur Schopenhauer from The University of Adelaide
• Schopenhauersource: Freely accessible reproductions of Schopenhauer's manuscripts

??? [ ??????? ???? ]

• Abelson, Peter, 1993, " Schopenhauer and Buddhism, " Philosophy East and West 43(2): 255-78.