????? ??????? ???? ??? (? ?????? : Test of English as a Foreign Language ‏; ?????? ? ?"? TOEFL ) ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ( ????? ??? ).

????? TOEFL ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ? ???????????? ??????? ???? ? ????? ????? . ?????, ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????, ??? ???, ?? ????? ?????? ????? , ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????. ???? ????? TOEFL ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??.

TOEFL ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? " ????? ??????? ??????? " (Educational Testing Service), ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? (????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????) ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???. ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? 16 ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ? ??? ??? , ?? ??? ?????.

???? ??????? ?? ?-TOEFL ?????? ?-12 ?????? ? ?????? , ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ???? . ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????.

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1962 ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? TOEFL ????? ??? ???????? 1963?1964.

?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?'???? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? , ????? ????????????? ???????. ?????? ?-TOEFL ???????? ????? ???????? ???? 1964 ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????.

???? 1965 ????? ??????? ?????????, ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? 1973 ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? (Graduate Records Examination - GRE) ?????? ?? ??????? ??????.

???? ????? ?????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? TOEFL ? ??????? (? ?????? : Internet-based Test; ?"? : iBT) ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ????? ??????? ????? (???????: Computer-based Test; ?"?: CBT) ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? (Paper-based Test;‏ PBT), ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????, ???? 2005 ?????? ?????, ????, ?????? ???????, ????? 2006 ???? ?????, ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???. ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? 2006, ????????? ???? ????? ???.

?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????, ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ?????? ??????, ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????, ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? (???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????). ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ??????? 2019 ????? ????? ???????? ????.

1. ?????

   ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ?-700 ?????, ?????? ?? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????, ???? ???? ????-?????, ??????-????? ??? ?????. ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????, ?????, ??????, ???? ?????, ???? ????? , ????. ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????.

2. ???? ?????

   ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? 3?5 ???? ????? ?????, ?????? ?? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????, ?? ??? ????? ?????, ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????????. ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????, ?? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ????. ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????, ????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ??? ??????? ?????, ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.

3. ?????

   ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????: ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????. ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????. ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?? ?????? ????????, ??????? ?????? ??? ???, ??????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?? ??? ? ????? , ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????. ????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????, ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????, ??????? ????? ????. ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????. ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ??????? ????. ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????, ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????.

4. ?????

   ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ???? ?????: ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??. ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????.

???? ?????? ????????

??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? (??? ???? + ?????) ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??, ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????. ?? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????, ????? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????.

?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?-TOEFL ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? , ?? ???? , ??????? ???? ?? , ????? ?????? ??? ????.

????? ?? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????????, ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????. ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????. ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ????. ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????.

1. ???? ????? (30?40 ????)

   ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???? 30 ????? ?? ????? ?????. ???? ???? 8 ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????. ?????? ???? 12 ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????.

2. ???? ???? ????? (25 ????)

   ??? ? ???? ???? ?????? ???? 15 ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?-25 ??????? ?? ????? ??????.

3. ???? ????? (55 ????)

   ??? ???? ????? ???? 50 ????? ?? ???? ?????.

4. ????? (30 ????)

   ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? 250?300 ?????.

????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???????, ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? , ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?-TOEFL ?????. ???? ????? ??, ?????? The TOEFL iBT Home Edition, ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?-TOEFL iBT ???????? ?????? ??????, ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? TOEFL.

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

• ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? 0 ?-120 ??????.
• ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? (?????, ???? ?????, ????? ??????) ???? ???? ??? ??? 0?30. ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????.
• ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? 0 ?-4, ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? 0 ?-5.

????? ?? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

• ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? 310 ?-677.
• ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? (?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????).
• ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? 0 ?-120 ??????.

????? TOEFL ??? ???? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?-TOEFL ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????????. ?? ???, ??????? ????????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????. ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?-61 ( ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ) ??? 100 ( ????? ????????? ?? ???'???? , ?????????? ???????? , ?????????? ??????? ). ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?-TOEFL, ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? 74.2, ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? 82.6.

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

• ??? ???????? ????? ?? TOEFL (???????)
• ???? ?????? ?-TOEFL ?????? ( ????? 28.12.2011 ??????? Wayback Machine ) (???????)