? ????????? ( ????? : 新選組 ?? 新撰組, ????? ???: "?????? ?????") ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? (?????? ??????) ???? ????? ???????? (??? ????? ????????? ) ? ??? ???? ??? ????? 1864?1869. ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?'??? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ? ??? . ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????, ??????????? ????? ???? ?"????? ?????? ???? ?????".

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???? 1854 ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????, ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? " ???? ?'?? " ???????: "???? ?? ?????, ???? ?? ???????", ???????? ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??? ?'???, ??????. ??????, ??????? ????????? ????? ?-19 ???????? 1863 ?? ????????? (浪士組), ????? ?? 234 ????? ( ??????? ??? ????) ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ( ????? ).
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?? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ???'??? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????. ?? ???, ???? ??? ???? ????????, ????? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????, ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????'????? (新?組) ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????.
??????, ???? ?????????? ???? "??????" (壬生浪), ????? "????? ?????". ????? ???, ???? ???? ??????-???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????. ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? (???? ?-1830 ????? ????), ?????? ????? (???? ?-1834 ????? ??????, ???? ? ???'? ??? ???? ???? "????????") ??????? ????. ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ???????? (????? ????), ??? ????? (????? ????????) ???? ?????'?. ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????, ????? ??????'? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????'? ?? ??? ???'?. ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????, ?????? ?????, ???? ????? (??????? ?????) ????? ?????. ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????.
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?- 30 ??????? 1865, ??? ?'??? (?????? ?????????) ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????????, ????? ??????. ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????. ????? ?? ??? "?????????" ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? (? ?????? ?? ??? ?????) ???? ?????? ??. ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?'??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????.
?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?-1864 ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ??'???, ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????.
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?? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????, ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? (???? ?????) ??????? ?????. ? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ? ??????? . ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? .

???? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ?????????? ? ??? ????-?????? . ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????, ?? ???? ????? ?? ? ??? ????-???????? . ??? ???? ?????????, ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????, ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???.
???? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???'???, ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??, ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????. ??????, ???'????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? "?????". ???? ?? ???'????? ???? ????? ?-20 ????? 1869 ? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????????. ???? ????, ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????: "?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???, ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????."
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???? ????? ??? ?????????? ?- 300 ?????. ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????, ???? ?????? ???????, ?????? ????????. ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ?? ???, ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ????????. ???? 106 ???? ????????? (???? 302 ?????? ?????? ????? ????) ??? 87 ???????, ????? ??????, ????? ??????, ????? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????, ??????, ???'???, ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????.

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???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????????. ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ????????, ????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ????? ??? ?????? , ?? ??? ??? ????? "??????" ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? "??????" ??????? "????". ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? "????? ????" (??色) ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? "??? ???? ?????". ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???.

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