????? ??????
??????
(?
??????
:
RMS Carpathia
) (
RMS
??? ???? ????? ??
R
oyal
M
ail
S
hip) ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????
??????? ????
, ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?
???????? ???????
????
1903
??? ?????? ?-
1918
. ????? ?????? ?? ?
??????
?-
15 ??????
1912
??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? 705 ???????.
???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????
1901
. ?????? ????? ???
?-1902
. ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?-
5 ????
1903
. ??? ?????? ?
???????
- ??? ?????????? ??????? (???? ???) - ?
??? ????
.
?-1903/1904, ?????? ????? (??????? ?? ???), ?????? ??????
???????
- ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? - ??? ????. ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? - ?
?? ??????
?????? ?????.
????
1905
????? ?????? ????. ???? ??????, ???? ??????? ????? ??? 1,700 ??? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? 2,550 ??? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????, ????? ????? ????, ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???.
?-
1909
??
1915
??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? 1915 ??
1917
, ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????-??????.
????
1903
????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???
?????
- ??? ????, ????? ?? ???? ??????, ???? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?
?????-??????
???? ???????
????? ??????
?????? ?
????? ?????
.
[1]
[2]
???????? ??????? (?????? ?
????? ???
) ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? (??????, ?????, ?????????, ?????? ????????). ?????? ?????? ?????, ??????????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????, ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????. ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????.
?? ????
??????, ???? ????? ???? ???????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (14 ???) ????? ??????? ?????? ?? 17 ???. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? 93 ?"? (?-50 ???? ???). ??? ??????? 3.5 ???? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ???? 4 ????? ????. ???? ??, ??????? ??? ????. ??????? ????? ?? ?????? 705 ?????? ??????.
????? ??????-??????? ?? ??????, ?"?
????? ??????
???? ?? ?????? ????????. ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ????
?????????
. ???? ???, ???????, ???? ???? ???????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????, ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????. ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????.
???? ?-
-18 ??????
, ???? ????, ????? ??????? ???? ???-???? ?? ?????? ?????? - ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? ?????? ???
?
????? ????
????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????.
??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?
????? ????? ???????
??-
17 ?????
1918
??????
?? ??? ?
?????
?
??????
U 55 ?
?? ?????
. ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? 9:15 ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???. ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???????. ?????? ???? ??????? ???? 11:00, ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? 215 ?????. 5 ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????, ?? ???? ?????. ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????.
?????? ?????? ????? ?-
1999
????? ?? 200 ???. ??????
2000
, ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? 1,374,000
???? ???????
?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????.
[3]
- Butler, Daniel Allen. (2009).
The Other Side of the Night: The Carpathia, the Californian, and the Night the Titanic Was Lost
. Philadelphia: Casemate.
- Eaton, John P. and Haas, Charles A. (1995).
Titanic: Triumph and Tragedy
. New York: W. W. Norton & Compan., 2nd ed.
- SS
Californian
, another vessel that was involved with the
Titanic
and sank in the First World War
- SS
Mount Temple
, another vessel that was initially thought to be the "mystery ship" failing to respond to the
Titanic
's distress calls