???? ???

**???? ???**
	???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???
????	cell periphery
?????
??????????? ???????????	H1.00.01.0.00011
FMA	63841
??? MeSH	A11.284.149
???? MeSH	D002462
????? ???? ??????? ???????	C0007603

???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? (? ?????? : Cell membrane ) ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ? ?? , ????? ?? ???, ?????? ? ??-???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ??? ? ????????? ???? ?????? ????-???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ; ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???. ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????.

??????? ????? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ???????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????. ???????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? , "???? ???", ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????????? , "?????? ???". ????????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???, ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? ???; ??????? ??????, ???? ???? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????, ???? ??? ??????? ????????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????????. ????? ???-????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ????, ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????, ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????.

????? ????????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????: ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? (Lateral diffusion), ????? (????? ?????) (Flip-flop) ?????? ??????? (Rotation). ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????, ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????.

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ????? ? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? . ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ?????. ?????, ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???, ????: ?????, ????? ???????.

??????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ??????? ??????. ??? ? ???????????? ???? ???? ????????? .

?????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ?????? ??????

?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???. ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? .

?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???.
- ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? . ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????.
- ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????, ????? ??? ???????. ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? (?? ???? ?????? ?????). ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? , ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????. ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? .
- ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? (?????? ???? ??? ?- ATP ) ????? ???????, ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????. ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? .
??????? ??????? ? ?????? ???? ???? ???, ?? ???? ????? ??, ??? ? ??? ????. ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???.
?????? ?????? ?? ?????????????? (??????? ???? ????? ?????? ) ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???, ???????? ???????.
?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ???? ?? ???.
??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ???.

???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ^[1]
	???? ???-???	???? ???-???
Na ⁺	10 mEq/L	142 mEq/L
K ⁺	140 mEq/L	4 mEq/L
Ca ²⁺	0.0001 mEq/L	2.4 mEq/L
Cl ^-	4 mEq/L	103 mEq/L
Mg ²⁺	58 mEq/L	1.2 mEq/L
HCO ₃^-	10 mEq/L	28 mEq/L
??????	0-20 mg/dl	90 mg/dl
?????? ?????	200 mg/dl	30 mg/dl
???????	7.0 pH	7.4 pH

???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???, ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? .

???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????, ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????, ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????, ??? ??? ???????? ????.

?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????, ???????? ??? ?????.

????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???. ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ? ??????? (???? ??????) ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??. ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????.

???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???: ???? , ???? , ???? ??-????? (??? ??? ) ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????. ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????, ??? ????? , ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????.

??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? , ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??????, ??????, ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???????. ?????? ? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????.

????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???, ?? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???.

??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ATP (??????? ???-?????). ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? . ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? .

?????????? ??????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???. ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ? ??? ???????????? , ?? ? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ????'? .

? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???. ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????. ?????? ? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????. ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????, ???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ???????.

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?? ????????

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ? ??????????

??? ????, ??????? ? ???? ??? , ????? " ???? ???? " ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? , 30 ????? 2009
???? ??? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
??????? ????? , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of Medical Physiology , 9th Ed., W.B. Saunders Company, 1996, p. 44

[1] Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of Medical Physiology , 9th Ed., W.B. Saunders Company, 1996, p. 44

[1]

???????????
????? ????	?????????? ? ???????? (??????? ??????) ? ??????? ??????? ? ??????????
???? ??? ??????? ? ???????	????????? ? ?????? ? ????????? ? ??????? ? ???? ??? ? ???? ??? : ??????????? ( ????? ??????? ) ? ???????? ? ???? ?????? : ????????????? ? ?????? ?-Slime layer ? ????? ? ???? ? ??????? ? ???????
??????????	??? ? ??? ? ??????
??????????	????? ? ????????? ? ??????????? ? ?????? ????????????
????????	??????? ???????? ( ????????? ???????????? , ????????? ??????????? , ?????????????? ) ? ??????? ?????????? ( ??-????????? ???????????? , ??-????????? ??????????? , ??-??????? ???? ????? ) ? ????? ? ????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??????
????? ????????????	????? ???? ( ??????? ????-??????? , ??????? ????-??????? ) ? ????? ????? ????? ? ???? ????? ? ???? ???????? ? ???? ???????? ? ????? ??????? ? ???? CAMP
????? ???????	????? ? ????? ? ????? ? ???????????