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???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
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ארמיית הפוטומק חוצה את נהר ראפאהאנוק ב-13 בדצמבר 1862.
?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?-13 ?????? 1862.
?????: ????? ??????? ?????????
??????? 11 ?????? 1862 ? 15 ?????? 1862 (5 ????)
???? ???? ??????????? ????? ??????????, ????'????
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38°17′58″N 77°28′14″W  /  38.2995°N 77.4705°W  / 38.2995; -77.4705  
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????? ??

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114,000 ?????? [1]

?????? ???? ????'????
72,500 ?????? [1]

?????

12,653
(1,284 ??????
9,608 ??????
1,769 ??????/??????) [2]

4,854
(458 ??????
3,743 ??????
653 ??????/??????) [2]

??? ?????????? (? ?????? : Battle of Fredericksburg ) ??? ??? ?????? ? ??? ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ????????? , ???? ??? 11 ?-15 ? ????? 1862 . ????, ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????'???? , ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ?????? ??????? (Burnside), ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? . ?????, ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???????, ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????: ????????? ? ???'???? , ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ?????? ?????, ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? .

???????, ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? , ???? ????? ?? ??? ????????? (Rappahannock) ????? ?????? 1862 ?? ????? ?-100,000 ?????? ??????? ? ???'???? , ???? ?????. ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????'???? ????? ???? ?-70,000 ??????, ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????????. ?-12 ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????, ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????, ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????. ?- 15 ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????, ????? ??? ?? ????. ???? ???? ???, ? ????? 1863 , ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???, ??? ???? ???? ????? ????. ??? ???????? ???, ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????'?? ?'??? ?'??? ???? (Hooker). ?????? ?????, ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ? ?????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ??????? .

???? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

"????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????."

????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????.

? ??? ??????? ????? ? ?????? 1862 , ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?'???' ????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? , ????? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??, ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ? ?????'???? . ?????? ???? ???????, ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??, ???? ???? "????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????" [3] , ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????. ?- 7 ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????, ????? ?????? ?? ????'?? ?'??? ?????? ???????, ???? ? ??? ( ?????? ) ?-9 ????? ??????. ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? 1862, ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????, ??????? ??????, ?? ??????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ? ????????? ????????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????. ??????? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?'??? ???? ??????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????????.

?????? ?????? ?? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???? ??????, ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????'?? ???? ???? ???? (Halleck), ???? ??? ??????. ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (Warrenton), ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ( Culpeper ) ?? ??????????? ( Gordonsville ); ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????-????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????????. ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?'???? , ??? ??? ?? ???? ? ??????? (Shenandoah) ????? ? ????'??? (Winchester). ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????' - ????????? (? ?????'???? ) ?? ????, ??? ?????, ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???, ???? ?????? ??? ???'???? - ?????????? - ??????. ??????? ???? ??????????, ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????, ????? ???, ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???'???? . ??? ???????? ????, ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????' (Falmouth) ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????, ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? [4] .

???????, ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??, ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????, ??-14 ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ????:

”????? ???? ?? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????; ???? ??.” [5]

?????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ???????, ???? ?????? ???????.
????? ??, ???? ?????? ???? ????'????.

?????? ????? ???????, ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????, ???? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ? ??? ????? ?????? .

??? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? (Grand Division). ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??"?, ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ???? 142,551 ?????? ????? ???? ?-19 ??????? 1862, ????? ?-114,000 ????? ???? ????.

  • ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ?????? ??????? , ??? 53,543 ??????, ???? ?? ??????? ?-1 ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?'?? ???????? (Reynolds), ??????? ?-6 ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ?????? ????' (Smith), ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?'???' ?????? (Bayard).
  • ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ?'??? ????, ??? 47,952 ??????, ???? ?? ??????? ?-3 ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?'???' ?????? (Stoneman), ??????? ?-5 ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? (Butterfield), ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? (Averell).
  • ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ?????? ????? (Sumner), ??? 37,432 ??????, ???? ?? ??????? ?-2 ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ????? ????' (Couch), ??????? ?-9 ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? (Willcox), ?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? (Pleasonton).

??? ???????? ??????, ???? ? ????? , ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????.

??? ?????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ???? ????'???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?-85,175 ?????? ????? ????, ????? ?-72,500 ??????? ????, ?????? ???? ????????.

  • ??????? ?-1 ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?'???? ????????? (38,320 ??????) ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ????'?? ???? ??????? ?????? (McLaws), ????'?? ???? ???'?? ??????? (Anderson), ????'?? ???? ?'???' ???? , ????'?? ???? ?'?? ?? ??? (Hood), ???????? ???? ????? ????? (Ransom) ???.
  • ??????? ?-2 ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?'???? (47,000 ??????) ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? (Talliaferro), ??????? ???? ?'???? ???? (Early), ????'?? ???? ?????? ???, ?????'?? ???? ????? ??? (Hill).
  • ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????'?? ???? ?'? ??????? (J.E.B "Jeb" Stewart).

??? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ????????? ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????????, ?????? ?????? ????? ???????????. ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ????? ????, ???? ??????? ?? ????, ????? ??? ?????? (Stafford Heights) ??????? ?? ????. ?????-???? ???? ????? ??? ???'? (Marye's Heights) ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????. ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????, 12 - 15 ????? ?? ???, ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ?????????? ????? ?? "??? ?????" (Telegraph Road) ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???'?. ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ? ?????? . ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???'? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? [6] .

????? ?????? ??????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?? ?????????? - ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? 10 ??????.
   ??????
   ??????????

??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????????, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????, ?????? ????'???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?-17 ???????, ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????. ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?-15 ???????, ??????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????' (Falmouth), ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????, ?- 17 ??????? . ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ?-16 ???????, ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????. ????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? (??? ?????? ???????') ?-19 ???????, ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ?????? ???????', ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ????? , ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????????, ??????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???????, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??, ??? ?? ?????. ?????, ???? ???? ???? ???? ??: ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????, ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????, ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????.

????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????, ???? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? "????" ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? [7] . ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?-15 ??????'????, ???? ?????? ??"? ? ???????? , ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ?-18 ???????, ????? ???? ?? ????? "?'?" ??????? ?????? ??????????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? 8,000 ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? 38,000 ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????. ????????? ?? ???. ?-19 ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????, ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????, ??? ???? ????? ????? ?'???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????'??? ???? ??? ?????.

?-23 ??????? ????? 38,000 ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ???'? ?????? ????? ????. ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???????. ?-26 ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????, ???? ??? ??? ??'???? ????? ?? ?????? ????. ?-24 ???????, ???? ????? ?? ????, ???? ????? ??????, ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????????. ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????'? ?? (Skiner's Neck) ?????? ???????????, ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????????, ?????? ???????, ???? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ?'??? ?'???? ???? (Early) ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? (Port Royal), ?????? ???????????. ?-30 ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?'???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????????.

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????, 12-11 ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.

?-11 ??????, ???? ???, ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? 6 ????? ?? ??????????: ????? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ????? ??? ???? ????, ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? (Deep Run). ????? ??????????, ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????, ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????. ?? ???? ??????, ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????, ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????, ?? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????. ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????. 150 ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? 14:00 ???????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????.

????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????????, ?????? ????? ??? (Hall) ???? ? ?????? ?-3 (?????????? ?? ?????) ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????. ???? ???????, ??????? ?????. ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? (?-7 ???????, ?-19 ? ???'???? , ??-89 ? ??? ???? ) ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????, ???? ???? 14:30 ???? ??????? ?-7 ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????. ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????. ????????? ?-19 ????'???? ??-89 ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? 15:00 ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????, ???? ??? ???. ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????, ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??. ????? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????. ?? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???, ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????.

????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? 12 ??????. ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?-12 ??????, ????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????. ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? 12 ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????, ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????. ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???, ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????, ???? 07:30 ????. ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????. ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????. ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? (Prospect Hill), ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ?????? (????? ?? ????? ????????) ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????. ??? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????, ???? ?????. ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????, ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???'?.

?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????????: ”?? ????? ?? ?????. ??? ????” . ?????????, ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??, ???? ??: ”????, ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? (????? ???? ??? ??? ???'?) ??? ???, ????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???” [8] .

?????? ?? ???????, 13 ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???? ?-13 ??????. ????? ?????? ?????, ?????? ????? ?????.

?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????'?? ?'??? ?'???' ??? ???????? ?-1, ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?'??? ?'?? ????? (Gibbon) ???? ???? ?????'?? ?'??? ???? ?????? (Doubleday) ???? ????. ?? ???? ???? ???? 8:30 ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?-10:00. ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????. ????'?? ?'?? ????? (Pelham) ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????, ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???. ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????, ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????, ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????. ??? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ?????, ?? ???????? ?????, ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?'???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????, ???? ??????? ?????.

??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????????. ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????, ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?'???? ???? ???? ?????. ???? 13:00 ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???????, ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????????, ????? ??? ???? ????: ??? ????? ????? ????, ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? (Gregg), ??? ???? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????. ???, ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????, ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???. ??? ??? ??????, ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????, ??? ???? ???? ????, ???? ?????, ??? ?????? ???? ??????. ????????? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ????, ?????? ???????? ????????, ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ???. ???? ?'???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???. ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???, ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????, ??????, ??????? ?? ??????? ??????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????. ???, ??????? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????, ???? ???? ??????. ?? ??, ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????.

?????? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????, ?????, ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????, ???? ????. ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????, ?? ?? ???, ?? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????, ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???????, ??? ?????? ?????. ?????, ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????.

"??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????????."

??????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????.

???? ?????? ?? ???, ??????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????? ???. ??? ???, ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????, ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??????, ????, ??? ????? ????, ????, ??? ????????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???, ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ??-40 ?????? ???? ???? ???, ?????? 179 ??????, 1,082 ??????, ?-509 ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????, ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????. ??????? ?'???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????, ?? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????, ???? ?? ????. ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??, ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???, ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????.

?????? ?? ??? ???'?, 13 ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???'?.

?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???'? ????? ???? ????????? ??????, ????? ?? ??? ??, ?????, "??? ?????? ???? ???". ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????. ???? ??? ????? "???? ??????" (Sunken Road) ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???????. ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????, ??? ????? ????????? ?? ?????, ???? ?????. ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???'? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????' (French) ????????? ????????? ?? ?.?. ?????, ????? ???????? ????. ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????', ??????????? ?? ?'???' ??? ?????? ??????? (Sturgis), ?????. ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ????' ???? ?????: ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? (Kimball) ????, ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????.

???? 12:00 ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????' ?????? ???? ??? ???'? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????. ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???. ?????? ?? ????' ?????? ???? ??????? ?????, ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????. ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? 100 ????? ???? ????? ????, ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????????. ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????. ?????? ?????? ?? ????' ???? ???? ?????, ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ?? ????' ?????? ?-1,153 ??????, ?????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???.

????????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ???. ????? ???? ?? ????' ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????. ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? (Cobb), ????? ????, ?????? ?? ???? ????, ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????. ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ????, ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????.

???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????, ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? (Zook) ??????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?'?? ???????. ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????. ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???, ??? ???????? ?? ????' ???? ????? ???? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???: "??? ???, ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????". ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? 70 ????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????, ?? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? - ???? 1,200 ????? ????? ?????? ?-545. ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????. ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????, ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?-2,032 ??????, ?????? ???????.

?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????????, ???? ????? ????' (Couch), ???? ??????? ????, ??????? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ????? ???????, ?????? ???????. ????? ??? ????? ???????, ???? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????. ??? ???, ?????, ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????, ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????. ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????, ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????. ??????? ???? ??? 4,114 ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? - 1,011. ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????, ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????' ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????, ???? ?? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????.

????? ????????? ???????, ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????. ????? ????????, ?????, ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????, ??????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????????. ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???????, ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????????. ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????.

????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??, ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??????. ????? ???, ???????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? (Humphreys) ????? "????" ?? ????. ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????. ???????? ?????, ?????? ??????? ???? ?'???' ????? (Sykes), ??????? ????? ??????, ???? ?? ????? ??????.

???? 16:00, ????, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????. ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???, ???????? ??????, ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? (Willis), ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????????. ????? ?? ??????, ???? ?????? ?????? ????, ??? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????.

?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??-6,000 ?? 8,000 ????? ??????. ????? ?????????? ?????? ??-1,200 ??????. ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???'?. ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????, ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ????????, ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????.

"??????? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??????. ?????????? (???? ?????) ??? ?????? ??????? ???, ?? ????? ?? ?????. ????? ?????, ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????, ????? ??? ???????, ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????."

???? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???'?.

???? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????, 14 ?????, ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???. ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????, ??????? ????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????.

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • Catton, Bruce, Mr. Lincoln's Army . Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company, 1951. ISBN  0-385-04310-4 .
  • Evans, Clement A., ed. Confederate Military History: A Library of Confederate States History . 12 vols. Atlanta: Confederate Publishing Company, 1899.
  • Glatthaar, Joseph T. General Lee's Army: From Victory to Collapse . New York: Free Press, 2008. ISBN  978-0-684-82787-2 .
  • Hattaway, Herman, and Archer Jones. How the North Won: A Military History of the Civil War . Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983. ISBN  0-252-00918-5 .
  • Longstreet, James. From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America . New York: Da Capo Press, 1992. ISBN  0-3068-0464-6 . First published in 1896 by J. B. Lippincott and Co.
  • Wert, Jeffry D. The Sword of Lincoln: The Army of the Potomac . New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005. ISBN  0-7432-2506-6 .

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

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????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  1. ^ 1 2 Encyclopeida Virginia: Battle of Fredricksburg
  2. ^ 1 2 Smith, carl. Fredericksburg, 1862 , (Osprey Military Campaign) pp 89
  3. ^ Battle of Fredricksburg
  4. ^ Center of Military History. Fredericksburg Staff Ride: Briefing Book . Washington, DC: United States Army Center of Military History, 2002, pp 1
  5. ^ Smith, pp 8
  6. ^ Smith, pp 21
  7. ^ ?? ?????? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????, ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???????, ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????.
  8. ^ Smith, pp 51
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