???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
???? ????????? ?????
(?
??????
:
Frank Arlington Briggs
;
15 ???????
1858
?
9 ???????
1898
) ???
?????????
???????
?
????? ???????
, ???
?????? ???????????
, ????? ?
???? ????? ???????
?????? ?-
1897
??? ????.
???? ????? ???? ?
??????????
,
???????
. ??? ??? ?????? ?????????. ?-
1877
??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????'? ???, ??????? ????? ??? ????. ?-
1881
??? ??? ????
?????
??
????????? ?????
(???? ??????
????? ???????
), ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????.
[1]
[2]
?????
1885
?
1887
???? ????? ?
????
???? ??????, ???? ??????. ?????
1894
?
1896
??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??????? 1896 ??? ???? ?
???? ????? ???????
??????, ????? ?????? ?-
6 ??????
1897
??? ????. ????? ????, ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????, ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????, ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????.
???? ????? ???? ??? ??????, ?-
9 ???????
1898
, ????
??????
, ???? ????? ???????, ?????? ????? ?
????
, ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?-40.
??? ?????
?'??? ??????
????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????.
[3]