? ????? ????? , ???????? ?????? (?? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ) ??? ???? ??? ???? ????, ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? (LTI). ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????, ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???.

?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ???????.

???? ??? f, ??? (??? ?????? ??????) (X(f ???? (??? ?????? ???????) (Y(f, ???????? ??????? ???

${\displaystyle \ H(f)={Y(f) \over X(f)}}$.

?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????, ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????. ???????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? , ?? ???? ????? ? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????.

???????? ?????? ?????? (OTF) ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? , ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ? ???????? ?? ??????.

?????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ????? ???

?? ????? ???? ?????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? Z ???? ????? ???? ????. ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? 1, ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???. ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????, (h(t, ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ?? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?? (H(s)X(s ??? ?????????? ??? (h(t ???? (x(t ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? (y(t ??? ?????.

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????????? (?? ???????? ????? ) ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????. ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????. ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????, ${\displaystyle |H(j\omega )|\ }$, ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? (???? ${\displaystyle j^{2}=-1}$ ??? ?????? ?????? ?- ${\displaystyle \,\omega }$ ? ?????? ???????? ). ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? , ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ? ?????????? . ???????? ?? ???????? ???????, ${\displaystyle \!\ \phi =\arg(H(j\omega ))}$, ??? ???? ????? ????? ????. ???????? ???????, ????? ??????, ??? ${\displaystyle \ H(j\omega )=|H(j\omega )|e^{j\phi (\omega )}}$. ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? : ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????. ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????.

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