????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ? ???? ???? , ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? . ????? ?????? ??? ? ????? , ? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ? ?????? , ????? ???????, ??????.

??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????? - ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????; ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????????; ???????? ?????? , ?????? , ???????? ???????. ???????? ??? ? ????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ???????? ? ??? , ????? ????? ???????? ?????, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????.

???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????, ???????? ??????? ?????? ???-????????. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????. ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? (??????), ?????? ???? ????? ??????? . ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????, ?? ??? 1992 ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? .

???????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? 1960 , ????? ???'??? ???? ???? , ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????, ???? ???? 1964 ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ?? ???? ????, ????? ??? ?????????? (Parti du Peuple Mauritanien, PPM) ???? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??, ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? 1966 , 1971 ?- 1976 . ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?- 10 ????? 1978 .

???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????? 1978 ??? ????? 1992 . ???? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ??????? ????? 1991 .

?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? (1984-2005) [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?- 12 ?????? 1984 , ?????? ????? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????. ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ???, ?????? ?????? ???????????-???????? ?????? (Parti Republicain Democratique et Social, PRDS), ??????? ???-???????? ????????, ?????? ?????? 1992 , ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????, ???? 1997 .

???????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???. ??????? ???? 1992 ?????? 16 ?????? ???????? ???????; ???? 2004 ??? ?????? 12. ???? ??????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????:

• ???? ?????? ?????????? (the Rally of Democratic Forces, RFD)
• ????? ?????? (Action for Change, AC) ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????????.

??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?-1992, ????? ???? ?????, ?-PRDS ???? ???????. ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????-?????? 1994 , ???????? ??????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????.

???????? 2001 , ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???-???????. ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????, ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????. 15 ????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????, ???? ?-11 ?????? ????? ??????? (???? 81), ??-15% ???????? ??????? ????????????. ?????? ??????, ?-PRDS, ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????, ???? ????? ???????.

??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????, ?- 7 ??????? 2003 , ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????, ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? 67.02% ?????? ????????, ??? ?????? ??????, ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????.

???? ???? ? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? (???? ????? ? ???? ). ??? ??, ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????, ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????.

?????? ?????? ??????? 2005 [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 3 ??????? 2005 ??? ???? ?????????, ???? ????? ?????? ????????, ?????? ???? ????? ??????? , ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????, ???? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???, ??? ??? ??????? . ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????. ???????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????????, ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????' ^[1] .

????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???, ???? ?????? ??????? ??? 1987, ????? ???? ?? 16 ?????? ????? ????? ??????.

??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? 1984, ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ?????? ??? ????, ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????.

?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?- 19 ??????? 2006 ??????? ??????? ?- 11 ???? 2007 .

?????? ?????? ??????? 2008 [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 6 ??????? 2008 ???? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????, ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ^[2] .

??????? ??? ??? ??? ?-????' ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? 2019 .

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????????? ? ??????????

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