????? ?? ?????

????? ?? ?????
????????? ???????????
	???? ?? ????? ????? ????
????	605 ?? 615 ; ??? , ??'?? , ??? ???????
?????	14 ?????? 632 ; ??-????? , ??'?? , ??? ???????
?????	?'????? ???????
???? ?????	??-????
????? ????	?????
?? ???	??? ?? ??? ????
??????	??? ?? ??? , ?????? ?? ??? , ???? , ???-??????
???? ??????	4

???????? ?? ????? (? ????? : ????? ??? ???? ; ????? ????? ??????? , ????? ?-????? ^[1]; 605 / 615 ??????? ? 18 ??????? 632 ), ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?'???'? ?? ?'??????, ????? ?? ??? . ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ? ???? . ????? ? ??????? ?????? , ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ("?????").

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ? ??? ?-605 (?? ?? ?????? ? ????? ) ?? ?-615 (????? ? ????? ) ?????? ??'???'?. ?-624 ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????, ??? ?? ??? ????, ?- 625 ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? , ?- 626 ?? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? , ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????-?????? (??????? ?? ?? ???????). ?? ?????? ???? ?-632 ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? (??? ?????).

?????? ???? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???, ?? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ????'?? (???? ?? ?????, ?????, ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????, ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????) ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? , ????? ?? ????? ?? ????, ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ????? , ?????? ???? ?? ??????. ????' ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????: "????? ??? ??? ????, ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ?? ????" ^[2]. ???? ?? ?????, ??? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???. ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? (??? ??-???) ?? ?????.

????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????. ????? ????? ????, ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????, ???? ???? ????. ???? ???, ??? ??? ???? ????, ???? ???? ????? ?????. ??????? ?? ???? ??, ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? (????), ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??, ??? ??? ???? ????? ^[3].

???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???, ???? ??? ????? ??? ? ???? ? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????.

????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? , ?????? ??? ???? (?????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????, ????? ), ????? ?????? ?????? ? ?'??? (?????) ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????, ??? ?? ??? ???? . ?????? ?? ??, ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????-????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ???????. ??????? ?????? ? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????, ???????? - ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? (??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????).

?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?-12 ? ???? , ?? ???? ?????? , ????? ?? ???.

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????????? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?'????'?. ? ????'?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??'????? ????????, ?????? ?????? ?????. ??, ????, ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ? ???? . ??? ??? ?? ??? ??, ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ? ???'??? , ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? 100 ????????, ???? ?????? ???'??? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ???? ?? ????, ????? ????? ^[4]. ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???? ; ???? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ???, ????? ?? ?????; ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???, ??? ??? ????? ^[5]. ?????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??????, ???? 23 ?? 24, ???? ?????? ???? ????. ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??-?'??? ??????. ??????? ???????, ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???, ??? ????? ?? ??????. ?? ?? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??'???'? ( ?????? ?? ????? ) ?????? ?????? ????? ????????; ?? ???, ?????'?? ????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ??? ???? .

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??? ???????? ??????, ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?'???'? ^[6]. ???? ??????, ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????, ???? ????? ?? ????? (??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????).

?????? ??????, ????? ??? ????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ????? ?????? ? ????, ?? ??? ? ????? , ??? ????????? ??? ??? "????? ??-?????" ("???? ??????") ^[7].

? ????? , ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ?????, ?? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ^[8].

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ?? ????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ?????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ^[9]. ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ? ??? , ?????? ??? ??? ^[10].

?????? ?-632 [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? (????? ? ?'??? ??? ), ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ??? ??? , ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? . ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????, ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????, ????? ???? ?????; ??? ??????? ?????, ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???.

?????? ??????, ???? ?? ??-?'??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???, ??? ?? ???? ??????, ??????? ?? ??????. ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ? ??-????? , ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???, ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??'??? ??? ?????, ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????.

???? ?? ??-?'??? ?????? ???? ?? ????. ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????, ?????? ???? ??????, ???? ??? ?? ????. ?????? ???? ?? ? ???? ?? ???, ?? ?????? ?????? ??-?????? ?? ?????? ^[11]. ????? ????, ??? ???? ??: "??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? (?????) ?????, ??????? ????? (?? ???? ?????) ???? ??????? ?????. ???? ???, ??? ?????, ?? ?????? ??? ???, ?? ????? ??? ????? (?????), ?????? ????." ^[12]. ????? ?? ????? ??? ????, ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? (?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????, ?????? ??????).

?? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???, ??? ?????? ??? ??-???, ???? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ^[13]. ????? ????? ???? ???, ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?????, ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ?? ????? ^[14].

?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? , ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??-?'??? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? (???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? (????) ?? ???, ??? ?????), ?????? ??, ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????.

?????? ?????? ??????, ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???????, ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? (?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????). ??????, ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????, ???? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????, ???? ?? ??-?'??? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ??'???, ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??'??? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??'?????? ?? ??? ???. ???? ???, ??????? ???, ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ?? ???????. ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????, ???? ??? ?? ??????? ^[15].

????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????, ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ???? ??? ??????: ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ^[16] ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? "?????? ???? ??????? ?????, ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????" ^[17], ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????.

????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??????, ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ? ???? ? ????? , ????? ???? ????. ???? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ??-?'??? ??? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ^[18].

????? ?? ??? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ?? ?????? ?????? (??? ???? ????'?? ??????), ???????? ?? ?? ??? ???, ???? ???? ???????, ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ^[19]. ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? (????) ??? ?????. ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????, ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ^[20].

?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??-?'???. ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ( ??? ? ?????? ). ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ???????, ????? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ???????, ???? ????? ?? ???, ??? ??? ?? ???? ^[21]. ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???, ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????, ???? ??? ????: "???? ??? ?????? ????? ??. ??? ????? ???, ??? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? (?????) ??????? ?????" ^[22].

???? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????????, ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????, ?????? ??????. ??????, ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ^[23].

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????, ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ^[24]. ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ????, ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???????, ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ^[25].
??? ??? ??? ??????, ???? ????? ?????, ?????? ??? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??-?'??? ?? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????.

?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? 18 ? ????? , ????? ??? ????? ??? ??. ????? ?? ???, ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ????, ?? ?? ??????, ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ^[26]. ???? ????, ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ^[27].

???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ????? ?????

??? ??-????
???

????? ??? ???
????

??? ????
????

??? ????
?????

??-????
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????

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????, ??'??? ?-1

????
????, ??'??? ?-2

????
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????

?????

?????
????

????
????

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?????? ????? ?????
????, ??'??? ?-3

??? ????'??
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????, ?????? ????? ?-1

?????
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?? ??????

???
????
?????? ????? ?-2

??????
????
?????? ????? ?-3

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??????????

????? ?? ????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
????? ?? ????? (606 ?? 614-632) , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????
????? ?? ????? , ???? ???????????? ????????? ??????? (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ???? ?????? ???? ????, ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???-???? ????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? "???", ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? , ????? ?????? "?-????". ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????.
^ ??? ? Sahih Bukhari Translation, Vol. 5, Book 57, Number 111 ??
^ ??? ? ???? ???? ???? , ???? 7.
^ ??? ??, ???? 5
^ ???? ???? ???? , ???? 2
^ ??? ???
^ Kassam-Hann 2002, p 84.
^ Kalinock, Sabine. "Between party and devotion: Mowludi of Tehran women." Critique: Critical Middle Eastern Studies. Fall 2003, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p173-187.
^ Umar abu Nasr, cited in Jafri 1970 p95
^ Thomson, Ahmad (1993). Fatima Az-Zahra. Ta-Ha Publishers. ISBN 1897940068 .
^ ????? ??????, ??? ??? ???? ??-?????
^ Jafri 1979 p 52, citing Baladhuri,1 pp585 f; Ya'qubi II, p126; al-Tabari I p1818; Abu Bakral Jawhari in his Sharh Nahj al-Balagha II p47,50,56f. Iqd IV p259f. al-Imama Wa's-Siyasa, I, pp 12-13
^ ?? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ??-?????
^ Jafri 1979 p53 citing Yaqubi II 126 Baladhuri I 586, al-Tabari I 1825 Iqdd IV 260 and Hadith II 22; ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????'?? ??????? ???????? ?????, ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????.
^ ??? ?? ???? ????? ???, ??????? ???????, ??????? ?? ?????? ???????
^ Jafri 1979 p 62; citing Yaqubi II p 127, Tabarsi Ihtijaj I pp 131-149 ??????.
^ Jafri 1979 p 62; citing Bukhari and Yaqubi; ??? Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Jihad was-Siyar, no 49
^ Thomson, Ahmad (1993). Fatima Az-Zahra. Ta-Ha Publishers
^ Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim
^ Jafri 1979 p 63
^ Tarikh al-Khulafa, vol 1 p 20 cited in Muhammad al-Tijani Then I was Guided
^ ??? ?????? ??????
^ ???? ???????: "??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???, ??? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ?? ??????, ?? ?? ??????? ????".
"??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? (???????? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ?????? ??'????? ????), ???? ??????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ?? ????????, ?????? ?? ???????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ???? ???? ?? (?????? ????????) ??????, ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????".
"...??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ???. ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????, ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????".
"?? ??, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????. ??????? ????? ???? ??????. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ????. ?? ????? ????, ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ???, ??? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ???, ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ?? (???????) ?????? ????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????, ??? ?????? ????. ??? Shariati, Ali. Fatima is Fatima. Tahrike Tarsile Quran' 1982 ISBN 0940368099 ??????? ?????? ???, ???
^ Jafri, S.H.M. The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam. Longman, New York; 1979 ISBN 0582780802 p 59.
^ at-Tabari I p1825; Bukhari Sahih V p288 and others, cited in Jafri 1979 p63
^ ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????, ???? (??? ?? ????? ?????). ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??-??? ?? ??-???? ???? ????, ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??: ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????; ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????, ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
^ Sahih Muslim

[1] ???? ?????? ???? ????, ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???-???? ????. ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? "???", ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? , ????? ?????? "?-????". ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????.

[2] ??? ? Sahih Bukhari Translation, Vol. 5, Book 57, Number 111 ??

[3] ??? ? ???? ???? ???? , ???? 7.

[4] ??? ??, ???? 5

[5] ???? ???? ???? , ???? 2

[6] ??? ???

[7] Kassam-Hann 2002, p 84.

[8] Kalinock, Sabine. "Between party and devotion: Mowludi of Tehran women." Critique: Critical Middle Eastern Studies. Fall 2003, Vol. 12 Issue 2, p173-187.

[9] Umar abu Nasr, cited in Jafri 1970 p95

[10] Thomson, Ahmad (1993). Fatima Az-Zahra. Ta-Ha Publishers. ISBN 1897940068 .

[11] ????? ??????, ??? ??? ???? ??-?????

[12] Jafri 1979 p 52, citing Baladhuri,1 pp585 f; Ya'qubi II, p126; al-Tabari I p1818; Abu Bakral Jawhari in his Sharh Nahj al-Balagha II p47,50,56f. Iqd IV p259f. al-Imama Wa's-Siyasa, I, pp 12-13

[13] ?? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ??-?????

[14] Jafri 1979 p53 citing Yaqubi II 126 Baladhuri I 586, al-Tabari I 1825 Iqdd IV 260 and Hadith II 22; ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????'?? ??????? ???????? ?????, ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????.

[15] ??? ?? ???? ????? ???, ??????? ???????, ??????? ?? ?????? ???????

[16] Jafri 1979 p 62; citing Yaqubi II p 127, Tabarsi Ihtijaj I pp 131-149 ??????.

[17] Jafri 1979 p 62; citing Bukhari and Yaqubi; ??? Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Jihad was-Siyar, no 49

[18] Thomson, Ahmad (1993). Fatima Az-Zahra. Ta-Ha Publishers

[19] Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim

[20] Jafri 1979 p 63

[21] Tarikh al-Khulafa, vol 1 p 20 cited in Muhammad al-Tijani Then I was Guided

[22] ??? ?????? ??????

[23] ???? ???????: "??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???, ??? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ?? ??????, ?? ?? ??????? ????".
"??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? (???????? ?????? ???? ???, ??? ?????? ??'????? ????), ???? ??????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ?? ????????, ?????? ?? ???????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ???? ???? ?? (?????? ????????) ??????, ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????".
"...??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ???. ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????, ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????".
"?? ??, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????. ??????? ????? ???? ??????. ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ????. ?? ????? ????, ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ???, ??? ?? ??????, ??? ?? ????? ????? ???, ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ?? (???????) ?????? ????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????, ??? ?????? ????. ??? Shariati, Ali. Fatima is Fatima. Tahrike Tarsile Quran' 1982 ISBN 0940368099 ??????? ?????? ???, ???

[24] Jafri, S.H.M. The Origins and Early Development of Shi'a Islam. Longman, New York; 1979 ISBN 0582780802 p 59.

[25] t-Tabari I p1825; Bukhari Sahih V p288 and others, cited in Jafri 1979 p63

[26] ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????, ???? (??? ?? ????? ?????). ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??-??? ?? ??-???? ???? ????, ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??: ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????; ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????, ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.

[27] Sahih Muslim

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]