?????
(?
??????
:
Safari
), ???
?????
???????
??????
???
. ????? ???? ???? ?
????? ??????
OS X
, ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????
MacOS
?? ?????
???????
; ????? ???? ??????
????? ?????
?-OS X 10.3.
?????? ???? ?-
7 ??????
2003
, ???? ????? ???????, ?????? ??
??????? ????????
, ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???. ??? ????? ?
??????
?-2007, ?????? ???
?????
?????? ??.
??? ????
?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? 2020 ??? ?-17.5%, ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?-9%, ???????? ?????? ?-23%, ??????? ????? ?-56%
[1]
.
????? ?
???????
?????, ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? (?????) ?"???????" (Bookmark). ?????? ??????? ??
???? ????? ?? ????
, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?
?????
, ????? ???????
RSS
, ????? ?????? PDF ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ("??? ???", popups).
????? ???
?? ?????? ????? 10 ?????
?? ????
1997
, ????? ?????
???????
??
??????
??????? ???????
.
???? ??????
??????? ????????
??
?????????
??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????, ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????????. ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????, ????????? ???? ?-
11 ?????
2003
.
?-
7 ??????
2003, ???"? ???,
???? ?'???
, ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????, ?????? ????? (Safari). ???? ??????, ?????? ???
???? ???
??????, ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ?????? ???? 1.0 ?? ?????? ?-
23 ?????
2003. ??????, ??? ?????? ???? ?
?????
????? ????, ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?
????? ??????
OS X v10.3
????? ???? ?-
24 ????????
2003, ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????. ??? ????? ????? ?????? OS X v10.4 ?-
29 ??????
2005
, ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????
???????
.
????? ????? ???????????
WebKit
?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??
JavaScript
. ?-WebKit ????? ?-
WebCore
(????? ????? ?-
KHTML
??
Konqueror
) ?-
JavaScriptCore
(?????? ?? ???? kjs JavaScript ??
KDE
). ??? ?-KHTML ??-kjs, ?? ?-WebCore ??-JavaScriptCore ??
?????? ???????
, ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?-
GNU Lesser General Public License
. ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? KHTML ????? ???? ???? ?????? Konqueror.
?-
5 ?????
2005, ?????? ?????? ?? ????? KHTML ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????, ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?-OpenDarwin.org. ?-WebKit ???? ??? ?
??? ????
. ??? ????
??? ?????
?????? ??? ?????? ?????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????, ???? ?????.
???? 2.0 ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?-
29 ??????
2005
, ????? ????? ?????? ?-
????? ????? RSS
?????
ATOM
. ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? (??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????); ?????? ??????
???? ????????
???? ???????; ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? (?????) ??????.
?????
?????
2005
, ??? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ??????
?????
, ??? ?????? ?? ????
Acid2
, ???? ???????? ?
??????
???????
. ?-
27 ??????
2005 ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????????, ???? ?-
31 ????????
2005 ?????? ??? ?? ???? 2.0.2 ?? ?????, ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????.
?-
9 ??????
2007
?????
???? ?'???
?? ?-
??????
, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? MobileSafari.
?-2011 ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? 1.07% ??? ????
[2]
.
????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? macOS, ???? ??? ????? 3.0 ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????
Windows
.
????
2007
, ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? (
WWDC
), ???? ?'??? ?? ????? 3 ?-Microsoft
Windows XP
??-Windows Vista. ??????, ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? iBench ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? Windows ????? ?????? ????? ??? HTTP, ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??Windows, ?????? ???? ?????????. ?????? ???? ?
?????? ?????
(cache) ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? 7 ?-
????????
[
???? ????
]
.
?-
22 ?????
2007
?????? ??? ?? ???? 3.0.2, ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????. ???? 3.1 ?-
Windows
????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?-
18 ????
2008
. ?
????
2008, ??? ?????? ?? ???? 3.1.2, ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.
?-
2 ?????
2008
???? ????? ?-WebKit ?????? ?? ???? JavaScript ??? "SquirrelFish", ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????
??????
??????. ???? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? 4, ???? ??????? ?-
11 ?????
2008. ???? ??? ??????? ?????? 4 ???? ?-
24 ???????
2009
. ????? 4 ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????: "Top Sites", ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????, ????? ?-"Speed Dial" ?????? ????????
?????
. Cover Flow, ????? ?????? ?-macOS, ?????? ?? ??????. ????? ????, ??????? ?????? (?????) ?????? ????? ??????, ????? ??????? ?
???? ????
, ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????, ???? ????? ???????? (Bookmarks Bar). ????? ?-
Windows
, ????? ??? ?? ????? ?"????" ?? ????? ?????? - ????? ???? Mac OS ??????? ???????. ????? 4 ??? ????? ?-
8 ?????
2009. ?????? ????? 4 ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? - 4.0.1 ?-
17 ?????
2009, 4.0.2 ?-
8 ?????
2009 ?-4.0.3 ?-
11 ???????
2009.
???? ??????, ????? 4 ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? Acid3, ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????.
????? 2010 ?????? ??? ?? ????? 5, ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? Safari Reader, ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????, ??????? ?????? ?-30% ?????? ??????, ????????? ????? ????? ?????? (Google, Yahoo! ?? Bing). ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ???????????
HTML5
?????. ?????? 5 ????? ??????? ????? Safari Extensions (??????) ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?-Windows ??? ???? 5. ???? ?-mac?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????.
| ???????
|
???? Webcore
|
????
Mac OS
|
????? ?????
|
???? ?????
|
| ???? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ???????
???????
.
|
48
|
10.2
|
7 ??????
2003
|
0.8
|
| ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ?????? ????? ??????, ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????, ?????? ????? ?????? (????
??????
??????), ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????
???????
.
|
73
|
10.2
|
14 ??????
2003
|
0.9
|
| ????? ??????? ????? ???. ???? ?? ?????
?????
????? ????? ?? ????? ??????
macOS
. ??????? (?????) ?????? ????, ????? ?-ISync, ????? ???
????
?-macOS, ???? ???????? ?? ??? (AppleScripts) ???????? ????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????
???????
.
|
85
|
10.2
|
23 ?????
2003
|
1.0
|
| ???? ??? ??
OS X v10.3.
. ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?
???????
, ????? ?????? ?-
CSS
.
|
100
|
10.3
|
24 ????????
2003
|
1.1
|
| ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???. ????? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????.
|
125
|
10.3
|
2 ???????
2004
|
1.2
|
| ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? 10.3.9. ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? 2.0.
|
312
|
10.3
|
15 ??????
2005
|
1.3
|
| ??? ?? ????
Mac OS X v10.4
?? ????? ?????? ?? ????????. ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????. ???? ????? ?
????? ????? RSS
??????
ATOM
, ??? ????
PDF
. ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????.
|
412
|
10.4
|
29 ??????
2005
|
2.0
|
| ??? ?? ????
Mac OS X v10.5
?? ????? ?????? ?? ????????. ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????, ?????? ????? ???????
SVG
,???????? ?? ?????? ?? Dashboard.
|
522.12.1
|
10.4
|
26 ????????
2007
|
3.0
|
| ??? ????? ?? ????
Mac OS X v10.5.4
?? ????? ?????? ?? ????????.
|
525.21
|
10.4 ?????
|
30 ????????
2008
|
3.1.2
|
| ????? ????? ??????? ????? "
??????
", ????? ?EV ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
|
525.26
|
10.4, 10.5
|
13 ???????
2008
|
3.2
|
| ????
JavaScript
??? "SquirrelFish". ?????
??? ???????
, ?????? ??, ??? ???? ?????? ????????. Cover Flow ???????? ?????????? + ????? ???? ?????????, ???? "Top Sites" ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????
|
526.11.2
|
10.4 ?????, ????? ????? 10.6
|
8 ?????
2009
|
4.0
|
| ????? ?????? ??
iPhoto 09'
, ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??'????.
|
530.20
|
10.4 ?????
|
11 ???????
2009
|
4.0.1 - 4.0.3
|
| ????? ????? ?-JavaScript ??????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ??????, ????? ?? Yahoo! Mail.
|
531.21.10
|
10.4 ?????
|
11 ???????
2009
|
4.0.4
|
| Safari Reader, ????? Bing, ??? ????? ?????.
|
533.16
|
10.5 ?????
|
7 ?????
2010
|
5.0
|
???
|
| ?????
|
Logic
?
Final Cut Pro
?
iLife
(
iTunes
) ?
iWork
(
Pages
,
Keynote
) ?
FaceTime
?
????
?
?????
?
CarPlay
?
Apple Intelligence
| ?????? ?????
?
???
|
Mac OS ?????
? ???????
??????
(????
XNU
?
Darwin
?????????:
macOS
,
iOS
(
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
16
,
17
),
iPadOS
,
watchOS
,
tvOS
)
?????? ???:
MobileMe
?
iCloud
|
| ??????? ?????
|
???????
?
???? ????????
?
??????
?
????
?
Find My
?
iBooks
?
Game Center
?
App Store
?
iAd
?
?????
?
????
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Control Center
?
?????????
?
Apple Wallet
?
Apple Pay
?
?????
|
|
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|
AppleTalk
?
FireWire
?
QuickTime
?
Objective-C
?
Face ID
?
Touch ID
?
???? ????????
|
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Mac App Store
?
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1984 (????? ??????)
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?
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?
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?
?????? 4S
?
?????? 5
?
?????? 5s
?
?????? 5C
?
?????? 6
?
?????? 6 ????
?
?????? 6S & 6S ????
?
?????? SE (2016)
?
?????? 7
?
?????? 7 ????
?
?????? 8
?
?????? 8 ????
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?????? X
?
?????? XS & XS ???
?
?????? XR
?
?????? 11
?
?????? 11 ??? & ??? ???
?
?????? SE (2020)
?
?????? 12 & 12 ????
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?????? 12 ??? & ??? ???
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?????? 13 & ????
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?
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?
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|
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?
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|
| ???????
|
eMac ?
iMac
(
Pro
) ?
Power Mac
?
PowerBook
?
Mac Pro
?
Mac mini
?
iBook
?
Cube
?
MacBook Pro
?
MacBook Air
?
MacBook
? Macintosh Classic ? Macintosh Portable ? Macintosh Plus
|
| ????? ????? ?????
|
Apple Watch
?
Apple TV
?
Magic Keyboard
?
Magic Trackpad
?
Magic Mouse
?
Apple Pencil
?
????????
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HomePod
?
??????? ???
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??? ???'? ???
?
???? ???
|
| ????? ??? ???? 1998
|
Apple I
?
Apple II
?
Apple III
?
???????
(
128K
?
512K
?
XL
?
512Ke
?
Plus
?
Classic
)
|
| ????: ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???????, ???????, ??????? ??????? ??????? ????, ??? ?? ??????? ???????.
|