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????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????-?????? ???? ????? ????? ???"? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????

????? ???"?

????'??? (? ?????? : Cisgender , ?????? ????'??? ?? ??????: ??? ) ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? . ^[1] ??? ?????? ???? ?????'??? , ????, ??? ?? ????? ???. ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????, ???? ????'??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????'???, ?'???????? ?? ???????? .

?????????? ???????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? "????'???" ?? ???? ???? ? ?????? "cis" (?????: ??? ?? ???), ???????: "??? ??? ??", ???? ???? ?????? ????? "trans" (?????: ?????) ??????? "???" ?? "??? ????". ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???-????? ? ????? , ????? ???-????? ?? ????? ? ?????? , ?????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ?????? , ? ???? ?????? (?????? ???? ??????) ?????? ????? ????? " ????? ????????? " (?????, " ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? "). ????? ?? ???? , ????? cis ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ?????.

??? ?' ???? ?????? ?????? ????'??? ???? ?? ????? "?????? ??????", ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????'????? ??? ?? ???????. ^[2]

? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? "cissexual" (? ?????? : "zissexuell") ?????? ???? ?????? ???? 1998 ‏ "The Neosexual Revolution", ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???, ???? 1991 ,‏ "Transsexuals and our nosomorphic view", ????? ?????. ^[3] ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? 1995 ,‏ "Transsexual desire and cissexual defense".‏ ^[4]

??????? "????'???" ?-"?????????" ???? ????? ????? ???? 2006 ?????? ? ??? ??? "Journal of Lesbian Studies"‏ ^[5] ?? ??? ???? 2007 ??? ?'???? ???? ??? "Whipping Girl".‏ ^[6] ???? ???, ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? . ^[7]^[8]^[9] ?'???? ????? ???? ???? 2009 ?? ????? ???-?????? ???? "?????? ????? ????? ???????, ??? ??????? ? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ????". ^[10]

?'???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? "???-??????", ??????? ?????? ?? "??????????? ?? ??????, ?? ??? ???? ????????, ???? ???-????????". ^[11] ???? 2010 , ????? " ????????? ???????????" ????? ?????? ??????; ??????? ?? ?????: "???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????, ?? ???? ???????? ????, ??? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????, ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????'?????". ^[12]

????? ?????? 2014 , ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? "??????? ?????", ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ???, ????'??? ??????. ^[13]^[14] ????? "????'???" ???? ? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? 2015, ??? ??????: "???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? (?????? ??????'?????)." ^[15]

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????-?????? ???? ???? 2009: "??? ?????? ?? ????? '???-????' ?? ??? ????????? ??????, ???? '???-??????' / '????'???'". ^[16] ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? "???-????" ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????, ?????? ????? ????? ?????'?????.

????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????'? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? "????'???-?????'???" ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? " ?????? - ????? ", ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ? ?????? , ??????? ?? ?????????? (LGB) ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??? ?????'?????. ????? ??????, ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ???????????? ????? ?????'?????, ???? ??????, ????? ??????, ??????? ??????'?????, ???????, ???????? ???????????? "??? ????-????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????". ^[17]

??????? ??? ??????? ?????????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????, ??????? ???????? ??????? ??-??????? ?? ??????. ^[18]^[19] ????? "????'???" ??? ???? "?????" ???? ??????????????, ?? ?? Advocates for Informed Choice (????? ???? ?????? ??????????????). ^[20] ???? ??????? (??????????, ????? OII-USA ? ????? ?????? ????????????? ? ????? ????? ) ????? ?? ??????????????, ??? ???? ?????? ???????, ??? ?????, ?????, ?????? ?????'?????, ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? (????? ???-??? ?? ?? ????). ^[21] ?????? ? ??????? OII Australia ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????????????? ???? ?????'?????, ??????? ?? ?????? ?? "??????? ??????? ??-??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????????" ???? ?? ?????? ????? "????'???" ???????, ??? ??? ????? ???????. ^[22]

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?? ?????? :
	????? ???"?

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

Gorton R., Buth J., and Spade D. Medical Therapy and Health Maintenance for Transgender Men: A Guide for Health Care Providers . Lyon-Martin Women's Health Services. San Francisco, CA. 2005. ISBN 0-9773250-0-8
Fausto-Sterling, Anne (2000). Sexing the body: gender politics and the construction of sexuality . New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-07714-5 .

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????'??? ? ??????????

Gender and Sexuality Center FAQ , University of Texas at Austin < Division of Diversity and Community Engagement
The Queer Community Has to Stop Being Transphobic: Realizing My Cisgender Privilege , Todd Clayton, The Huffington Post , 27 February 2013

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Cisgender , Metro, ‏5 ????? 2018 (???????)
^ Green, Eli R. (2006). "Debating Trans Inclusion in the Feminist Movement: A Trans-Positive Analysis". Journal of Lesbian Studies . 10 (1/2): 231?248 [247]. doi : 10.1300/j155v10n01_12 .
^ Sigusch, Volkmar ( ??????? 1998 ). "The Neosexual Revolution". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 27 (4): 331?359. doi : 10.1023/A:1018715525493 . PMID 9681118 . {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )
^ Sigusch, Volkmar (1995). "Transsexueller Wunsch und zissexuelle Abwehr". Psyche . 49 (9?10): 811?837. PMID 7480808 .
^ Green, Eli R. (2006). "Debating Trans Inclusion in the Feminist Movement: A Trans-Positive Analysis," Journal of Lesbian Studies . Volume: 10 Issue: 1/2. pp. 231?248. ISSN 1089-4160
^ Serano, Julia (2007). Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity . Seal Press. p. 12 . ISBN 978-1-58005-154-5 .
^ Pfeffer, Carla (2009). "Trans (Formative) Relationships: What We Learn About Identities, Bodies, Work and Families from Women Partners of Trans Men". Ph.D dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of Michigan .
^ Williams, Rhaisa ( ??????? 2010 ). "Contradictory Realities, Infinite Possibilities: Language Mobilization and Self-Articulation Amongst Black Trans Women". Penn McNair Research Journal . 2 (1). {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )
^ Drescher, Jack ( ??????? 2009 ). "Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 39 (2): 427?460. doi : 10.1007/s10508-009-9531-5 . PMID 19838785 . {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )
^ Enteen, Jillana (2009). Virtual English: Queer Internets and Digital Creolization (Volume 6 of Routledge studies in new media and cyberculture) . New York City, New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-415-97724-1 .
^ Serano (2007) also defines cisgender as synonymous with "non-transgender" and cissexual with "non-transsexual" (p. 33).
^ Walls, N. E., & Costello, K. (2010). "Head ladies center for teacup chain": Exploring cisgender privilege in a (predominantly) gay male context. In S. Anderson and V. Middleton Explorations in diversity: Examining privilege and oppression in a multicultural society, 2nd ed. (pp. 81?93). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole. Quote appears on p.83.
^ Brandon Griggs ( 13 ??????? 2014 ). "Facebook goes beyond 'male' and 'female' with new gender options" . ???? ?- 2014-02-13 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ The Associated Press. "Facebook's New Gender Identity Options" .
^ Martin, Katherine. "New words notes June 2015" . Oxford English Dictionary . Oxford University Press. ????? ?- ????? ?-2015-08-14 . ???? ?- 2 ??????? 2015 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ Scott-Dixon, Krista (2009). "Public health, private parts: A feminist public-health approach to trans issues". Hypatia . 24 (3): 33?55. doi : 10.1111/j.1527-2001.2009.01044.x .
^ Marinucci, Mimi (2010). Feminism is Queer: The Intimate Connection between Queer and Feminist Theory . Zed Books. pp. 125 ?126.
^ Domurat Dreger, Alice (2001). Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex . USA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-00189-3 .
^ Eliminating forced, coercive and otherwise involuntary sterilization, An interagency statement , World Health Organization , May 2014.
^ Inter/Act Youth ? Inter/Act has been working with MTV’s Faking It on... Inter/Act Youth . Retrieved October 17, 2014.
^ Caught in the Gender Binary Blind Spot: Intersex Erasure in Cisgender Rhetoric , Hida Viloria , August 18, 2014. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
^ Intersex for allies , Organisation Intersex International Australia , 8 October 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014.

[1] Cisgender , Metro, ‏5 ????? 2018 (???????)

[2] Green, Eli R. (2006). "Debating Trans Inclusion in the Feminist Movement: A Trans-Positive Analysis". Journal of Lesbian Studies . 10 (1/2): 231?248 [247]. doi : 10.1300/j155v10n01_12 .

[3] Sigusch, Volkmar ( ??????? 1998 ). "The Neosexual Revolution". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 27 (4): 331?359. doi : 10.1023/A:1018715525493 . PMID 9681118 . {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )

[4] Sigusch, Volkmar (1995). "Transsexueller Wunsch und zissexuelle Abwehr". Psyche . 49 (9?10): 811?837. PMID 7480808 .

[5] Green, Eli R. (2006). "Debating Trans Inclusion in the Feminist Movement: A Trans-Positive Analysis," Journal of Lesbian Studies . Volume: 10 Issue: 1/2. pp. 231?248. ISSN 1089-4160

[Serano-6] Serano, Julia (2007). Whipping Girl: A Transsexual Woman on Sexism and the Scapegoating of Femininity . Seal Press. p. 12 . ISBN 978-1-58005-154-5 .

[7] Pfeffer, Carla (2009). "Trans (Formative) Relationships: What We Learn About Identities, Bodies, Work and Families from Women Partners of Trans Men". Ph.D dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of Michigan .

[8] Williams, Rhaisa ( ??????? 2010 ). "Contradictory Realities, Infinite Possibilities: Language Mobilization and Self-Articulation Amongst Black Trans Women". Penn McNair Research Journal . 2 (1). {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )

[9] Drescher, Jack ( ??????? 2009 ). "Queer Diagnoses: Parallels and Contrasts in the History of Homosexuality, Gender Variance, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ". Archives of Sexual Behavior . 39 (2): 427?460. doi : 10.1007/s10508-009-9531-5 . PMID 19838785 . {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )

[10] Enteen, Jillana (2009). Virtual English: Queer Internets and Digital Creolization (Volume 6 of Routledge studies in new media and cyberculture) . New York City, New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-415-97724-1 .

[11] Serano (2007) also defines cisgender as synonymous with "non-transgender" and cissexual with "non-transsexual" (p. 33).

[12] Walls, N. E., & Costello, K. (2010). "Head ladies center for teacup chain": Exploring cisgender privilege in a (predominantly) gay male context. In S. Anderson and V. Middleton Explorations in diversity: Examining privilege and oppression in a multicultural society, 2nd ed. (pp. 81?93). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole. Quote appears on p.83.

[13] Brandon Griggs ( 13 ??????? 2014 ). "Facebook goes beyond 'male' and 'female' with new gender options" . ???? ?- 2014-02-13 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[14] The Associated Press. "Facebook's New Gender Identity Options" .

[15] Martin, Katherine. "New words notes June 2015" . Oxford English Dictionary . Oxford University Press. ????? ?- ????? ?-2015-08-14 . ???? ?- 2 ??????? 2015 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[16] Scott-Dixon, Krista (2009). "Public health, private parts: A feminist public-health approach to trans issues". Hypatia . 24 (3): 33?55. doi : 10.1111/j.1527-2001.2009.01044.x .

[17] Marinucci, Mimi (2010). Feminism is Queer: The Intimate Connection between Queer and Feminist Theory . Zed Books. pp. 125 ?126.

[Dreger-18] Domurat Dreger, Alice (2001). Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex . USA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-00189-3 .

[jointun-19] Eliminating forced, coercive and otherwise involuntary sterilization, An interagency statement , World Health Organization , May 2014.

[20] Inter/Act Youth ? Inter/Act has been working with MTV’s Faking It on... Inter/Act Youth . Retrieved October 17, 2014.

[21] Caught in the Gender Binary Blind Spot: Intersex Erasure in Cisgender Rhetoric , Hida Viloria , August 18, 2014. Retrieved October 17, 2014.

[22] Intersex for allies , Organisation Intersex International Australia , 8 October 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014.

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