?????????

????????? ("?????" ?? "?????") ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ( ?????? ???? ????????? ) ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ????? - ??? ?????? , ????? ??????????? ?? ????????????? . ??????? (Settling) - ??? ?????? ?????????? - ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????, ????? ?????????? ????, ?????? ?????? ?????????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????.

? ???????? , ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? . ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????, ??? ? ????? ?? ????? ???????, ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ??? ??????????? (Lithification, ??????? ??? ????) ?? ???????. ?? ???, ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ? ??? .

????? "?????????" ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????, ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????, ??????? ????? , ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? . ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????.

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ???????? , ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? , ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????, ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ??? ???????????. ?? ???, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. ^[1] ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????, ?????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? (aggradation) ?? ???????. ^[2]

??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???. ^[3] ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? (Exner). ^[4] ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?-3 ????????? (0.12 ????') ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ???, ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????????, ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????, ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??-????? ?? ????? ?????. ^[5]

????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???, ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????. ^[6] ^[7] ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????. ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????, ??? ?????? ??????? . ^[8] ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????. ^[9]

??????? ??? ??? , ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????, ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????. ^[10]

????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ? ???? . ^[11] ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???. ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???. ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????.

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????, ???????????? , ???? ??? ? ????? ????? ? ??? ?????????? ???????-?????????.

????? ???? ?? ????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???, ????? ???????? ????? ????? ? ????? . ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ^[12] ^[13]

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????????: ^[14]

????? ???? 1 ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? (?????? ?? ???) ????? ??????. ?????: ???? ??? ????.
????? ???? 2 ???????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????: ????? ???? ?? ????
????? ???? 3 ????? ?? ??? ????? ????. ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? (???? ?-1000 ?"?/????) ?? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???, ???? ????? ????? ????.

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

science/sedimentation-chemistry ????????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "sedimentation". Glossary of geology (Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute. ISBN 0922152349 .
^ Jackson 1997 , "aggradation".
^ Jackson 1997 , "rate of sedimentation".
^ Paola, C.; Voller, V. R. (2005). "A generalized Exner equation for sediment mass balance" . Journal of Geophysical Research . 110 : F04014. Bibcode : 2005JGRF..11004014P . doi : 10.1029/2004JF000274 .
^ Blatt, Harvey; Middleton, Gerard; Murray, Raymond (1980). Origin of sedimentary rocks (2d ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. pp. 30?31, 122?123. ISBN 0136427103 .
^ "Siltation & Sedimentation" . blackwarriorriver.org. ????? ?- ????? ?-2009-12-21 . ???? ?- 2009-11-16 .
^ "Siltation killed fish at Batang Rajang - Digest on Malaysian News" . malaysiadigest.blogspot.com . ???? ?- 2009-11-16 .
^ Victor, Steven; Neth, Leinson; Golbuu, Yimnang; Wolanski, Eric; Richmond, Robert H. (2006-02-01). "Sedimentation in mangroves and coral reefs in a wet tropical island, Pohnpei, Micronesia". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science . 66 (3?4): 409?416. Bibcode : 2006ECSS...66..409V . doi : 10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.025 .
^ U.D. Kulkarni; et al. "The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses ≫ Rate of Siltation in Wular Lake, (Jammu and Kashmir, India) with Special Emphasis on its Climate & Tectonics" . The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses . ???? ?- 2009-11-16 .
^ Van Santen, P.; Augustinus, P. G. E. F.; Janssen-Stelder, B. M.; Quartel, S.; Tri, N. H. (2007-02-15). "Sedimentation in an estuarine mangrove system". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences . Morphodynamics of the Red River Delta, Vietnam. 29 (4): 566?575. Bibcode : 2007JAESc..29..566V . doi : 10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.011 .
^ Nicholls, R. J.; Hutton, C. W.; Adger, W. N.; Hanson, S. E.; Rahman, Md. M.; Salehin, M., eds., Ecosystem Services for Well-Being in Deltas: Integrated Assessment for Policy Analysis. , Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018, ISBN doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71093-8. ISBN 978-3-319-71092-1. S2CID 135458360
^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926" . NobelPrize.org . 27 ???' 2021 . ???? ?- 27 ??????? 2021 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ Piazza, Roberto; Buzzaccaro, Stefano; Secchi, Eleonora (2012-06-27). "The unbearable heaviness of colloids: facts, surprises, and puzzles in sedimentation" . Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (???????). 24 (28): 284109. Bibcode : 2012JPCM...24B4109P . doi : 10.1088/0953-8984/24/28/284109 . ISSN 0953-8984 . PMID 22738878 .
^ Coe, H.S.; Clevenger, G.H. (1916). "Methods for determining the capacities of slime-settling tanks". Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers . 55 : 356.

[1] Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "sedimentation". Glossary of geology (Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute. ISBN 0922152349 .

[FOOTNOTEJackson1997"aggradation"-2] Jackson 1997 , "aggradation".

[FOOTNOTEJackson1997"rate_of_sedimentation"-3] Jackson 1997 , "rate of sedimentation".

[4] Paola, C.; Voller, V. R. (2005). "A generalized Exner equation for sediment mass balance" . Journal of Geophysical Research . 110 : F04014. Bibcode : 2005JGRF..11004014P . doi : 10.1029/2004JF000274 .

[5] Blatt, Harvey; Middleton, Gerard; Murray, Raymond (1980). Origin of sedimentary rocks (2d ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. pp. 30?31, 122?123. ISBN 0136427103 .

[6] "Siltation & Sedimentation" . blackwarriorriver.org. ????? ?- ????? ?-2009-12-21 . ???? ?- 2009-11-16 .

[7] "Siltation killed fish at Batang Rajang - Digest on Malaysian News" . malaysiadigest.blogspot.com . ???? ?- 2009-11-16 .

[8] Victor, Steven; Neth, Leinson; Golbuu, Yimnang; Wolanski, Eric; Richmond, Robert H. (2006-02-01). "Sedimentation in mangroves and coral reefs in a wet tropical island, Pohnpei, Micronesia". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science . 66 (3?4): 409?416. Bibcode : 2006ECSS...66..409V . doi : 10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.025 .

[9] U.D. Kulkarni; et al. "The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses ≫ Rate of Siltation in Wular Lake, (Jammu and Kashmir, India) with Special Emphasis on its Climate & Tectonics" . The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses . ???? ?- 2009-11-16 .

[10] Van Santen, P.; Augustinus, P. G. E. F.; Janssen-Stelder, B. M.; Quartel, S.; Tri, N. H. (2007-02-15). "Sedimentation in an estuarine mangrove system". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences . Morphodynamics of the Red River Delta, Vietnam. 29 (4): 566?575. Bibcode : 2007JAESc..29..566V . doi : 10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.05.011 .

[11] Nicholls, R. J.; Hutton, C. W.; Adger, W. N.; Hanson, S. E.; Rahman, Md. M.; Salehin, M., eds., Ecosystem Services for Well-Being in Deltas: Integrated Assessment for Policy Analysis. , Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018, ISBN doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71093-8. ISBN 978-3-319-71092-1. S2CID 135458360

[12] "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926" . NobelPrize.org . 27 ???' 2021 . ???? ?- 27 ??????? 2021 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[13] Piazza, Roberto; Buzzaccaro, Stefano; Secchi, Eleonora (2012-06-27). "The unbearable heaviness of colloids: facts, surprises, and puzzles in sedimentation" . Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (???????). 24 (28): 284109. Bibcode : 2012JPCM...24B4109P . doi : 10.1088/0953-8984/24/28/284109 . ISSN 0953-8984 . PMID 22738878 .

[14] Coe, H.S.; Clevenger, G.H. (1916). "Methods for determining the capacities of slime-settling tanks". Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers . 55 : 356.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]