????? ?. ????????

????? ?. ????????
Norman R. Augustine
	????? ?. ????????
????	27 ????? 1935 (?? 88) ; ????? , ???????
?? ???	????? (????) ???? ????????
?? ????	Norman Ralph Augustine
?????	????? ?????
?????	?????????? ???????? ; ????? ???? ;
	3 ????? 1975 ? 5 ??????? 1975 ; (34 ????)
??? ???? ????? ?????	?'??? ????
	→ ?? ?????? ????? ???'?? ????? ←
	??? 1975 ? ???? 1977 ; (???????)
??? ????? ????? ?????	?'??? ???? ; ?'??? ????
	→ ???? ?. ????? ???? ?. ???? ←
????? ??????
	?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ( 1997 ) ; ??? ??? ????? ( 1997 ) ; ??? ??????? - ?'?. ??. ?????? ?????? ????????????? ( 2010 ) ; ?????? ???????? ?? IEEE ( 1996 ) ; Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy ( 2008 ) ; ?????? ????? ???? ( 2006 ) ; ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ( 2009 ) ; ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ( 2005 ) ; ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ( 2003 ) ; ??? ???? ???? ????? ; ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ;

????? (????) ???? ???????? (? ?????? : Norman (Norm) Ralph Augustine ;‏ ???? ?- 27 ????? 1935 ) ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ?? ??? , ????? ? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? 1975 ? 1977 . ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? "?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?????"(Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee).

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????? ???? ? ????? , ??????? . ??? ??? ? ?????????? ???????? , ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? (BSE) ? ????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ? ???? ??? ?????? (MSE). ??? ??? ??? ? ????? ?? ??? ??? , ??? ??? ?? ??- Sigma Xi .

?- 1958 ??? ????? ? ????? ????????? ?????? ? ????????? , ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????, ????? ?????? ??????? ????. ??? ?- 1965 ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????. ?- 1970 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? LTV, ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ?- 1973 ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ?- 1975 ??? ???? ???-????? ???? ?????? ? ????? ???? ?????. ?- 1977 ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????. ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?- 1987 ?????? ???? ??? ?- 1988 . ?- 1990 ??? ??? ???? "?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????", ?????? ?"????? ????????". ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?- 1995 ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???. ??????? 1997 ??? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ? ??????? ??????????? ????????, ^[1] ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? 1999 .

????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? In-Q-Tel, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?- CIA ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????. ^[2]

???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? . ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????, ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? . ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ? ????????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? . ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ConocoPhillips, Black & Decker, ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???'???? . ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????-????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? 16 ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????. ??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????, ^[3] ???? ? ???? ?????????? ????????? , ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? (The Explorers Club).

???? 2011 ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ? ?????????? . ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ^[4] ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???, ^[5] ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????, ??? ??? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????, ??????????, ?????? ?????????, ^[6] ??????? ??????? ?? "???? ??? ?????", ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????. ^[7]

???????? ???? ?"????? ??????? ?????????? ????????" ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? . ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? , "??? ?????? ?????? ??????". ???? ???? ?????? ?? 34 ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? "?? ???" ?? ??????, ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?"?????? ????????? ???????". ^[8] ???????? ???? ????? ?-30 ????? ????? ?? ? ???? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?????? .

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????? ?. ???????? ? ??????????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

[1] "Norman Augustine to Join the Faculty of Princeton University's School of Engineering and Applied Science".

[2] Yannuzzi, Rick E. (2007). "In-Q-Tel: A new partnership between the CIA and the private sector". Central Intelligence Agency.

[3] PNSR’s Guiding Coalition

[4] Members of the United States Energy Security Council

[5] Norman Augustine - America Abroad Media

[6] "Advisory Board". Feynman School.

[7] "Code of Support Foundation advisory board".

[8] Norman R. Augustine, Is America Falling Off the Flat Earth?, National Academies Press, 2007, pp. 78-79.

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