??? ???????

??? ???????
Mary Cartwright
????	17 ?????? 1900 ; ??????, ?????? ???????
?????	3 ?????? 1998 (???? 97) ; ?????????' , ?????? ???????
?? ????	Mary Cartwright
??? ????	???????
???? ??????	???????
???? ???????	??? ??? ???????? ( 1919 ) ; ????' ??? ?? ( 1923 ) ; ?????????? ???????? ( 1930 ) ;
???? ????????	?????? ????? ?????
??????	The Alice Ottley School ( 1923 ? 1926 ) ; ?????? ????' ( 1930 ? 1959 ) ; ??????? ??????? ??? ( 1926 ? 1927 ) ; ?????????? ?????????' ( 1959 ? 1968 ) ;
?????? ???????	????? ???? ????? , Barbara J. Maitland , Carl Nestor Linden , Christopher Lancelot Thompson , Grainger Rabone Morris , James O. C. Ezeilo , Chike Obi , Lily (Brown) Atiyah
????? ??????	???? ????? ???????? ( 1947 ) ; ?????? ?? ????? ( 1968 ) ; ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ( 1969 ) ; ?????? ??????? ( 1964 ) ;

???? ??? ???? ??????? (? ?????? : Mary Cartwright ; ‏ 17 ?????? 1900 - 3 ?????? 1998 ) ^[1] ????? ????????? ??????. ???? ?? ?'?? ??????? , ????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? . ^[2]

?????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ????? ?????? (Aynho), ???? ????'??????????? . ????, ?????? ????? ???????, ??? ???? , ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?'?? ??? , ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??? ?? ????? ????, ????? ??????? ?????? ??????: ?'?? (???? ???? 1896), ????'? (???? ???? 1898), ?'??? (????? ???? 1905), ??????? (???? ???? 1907). ^[3]

?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? (1912?1915), ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? (1915?1916), ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? (1916-1919). ^[4]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????', ???????? , ?????? ?? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???? 1923 ???????? (first class degree), ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????.

???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????: ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ? ???????????? ??? ???? 1928 ???? ????????? ??? ????? ? ??????? . ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? . ????? ???? ??????? 9?1928 ????? ??? ? ???????? , ? ?????? ?'???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? . ?'?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1930, ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? , ?? ????? ?????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????????' . ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????, ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? (Alfred Yarrow Research Fellowship of Girton College). ^[5] ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ???????, ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?- $p$ ????? ??????? ??? ?? $p$ ????? ????? ???????? ?? ????????. ^[6] ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? . ^[7]

???? 1936, ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????' ??????, ????? 1938 ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???. ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ? ???? . ^[8] ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ????, ???????? ???????? ?????. ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??. ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ??????? ???:

”??? ????? ????, ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????.”

????, ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? . ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????, ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? . ^[9]^[10]

?-1945, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? . ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?. ???? . ?-1947, ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? . ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????.

??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????' ?????? ???? 1948.

??? ????? ???? ???? ? ?????????' ???? 1998.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ????? ????? ???????:

?????? ?? ?????? ??????? .
?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????
?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? (? 62?1961)

??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? 1968. ?-1968 ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????????. ?-1969 ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????, ????? ???? ??? ???????, ????? ? ???? ???????? ??????? .

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?. ???????, "???????? ??????????" ? "????? ?????????' ???????? ??????? ??????" 44 (1956)
?. ???????, ?'.?. ???????, "?? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ???", ?'???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? 20:180 (1945)
?. ???????, "??????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????", ?'???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? 39:1931 (1964) ^[11]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ??????????

??? ??????? , ???? ?????? ????????? ????????
??? ??????? , ???? MacTutor (???????)
"??? ???? ???????", ????????? ?? ???? ?????????? , ????? ???? ????
"???? ??? ???? ???????" , ???? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? , ???????
???? ??????? (1900-1998)" , ????? ?????? ??'???? ?????
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21713163 "????? ???: ???, ???? ??????"], ????? ?-BBC
"??? ???? ???????" , ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????, celebratio mathematica.

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ "Obituary: Mary Cartwright" . The Times . 1998.
^ Freeman J. Dyson, Mary Lucy Cartwright (1900?1998): Chaos theory , pp. 169?177, in Out of the Shadows: Contributions of Twentieth-Century Women to Physics , edited by Nina Byers and Gary Williams, 498 p. (Cambridge University Press, 2006); ???"? 0-521-82197-5
^ "Cartwright biography" . www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk . University of St. Andrews School of Mathematics and Statistics . ???? ?- 15 ??????? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ "Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783?2002" (PDF) . Royalsoced.org.uk . ???? ?- 20 ?????? 2015 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ Women in Mathematics: Celebrating the Centennial of the Mathematical Association of America, ??' 30.
^ Cartwright's Theorem - Theorem of the Day
^ DeFuria, Jack ( 22 ???????? 2014 ). "Mary Lucy Cartwright" . Prezi . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ "A Point of View: Mary, queen of maths" . BBC News Magazine . 8 ???? 2013 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )
^ "Mistress of Girton whose mathematical work formed the basis of chaos theory" . Obituaries Electronic Telegraph . 11 ?????? 1998 . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ Walter Hayman ( 1 ??????? 2000 ). "Dame Mary (Lucy) Cartwright, D.B.E. 17 December 1900 ? 3 April 1998" . Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society . 46 . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )
^ "CWP Profile" . UCLA. 2001. ????? ?- ????? ?-2016-10-17 . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[1] "Obituary: Mary Cartwright" . The Times . 1998.

[2] Freeman J. Dyson, Mary Lucy Cartwright (1900?1998): Chaos theory , pp. 169?177, in Out of the Shadows: Contributions of Twentieth-Century Women to Physics , edited by Nina Byers and Gary Williams, 498 p. (Cambridge University Press, 2006); ???"? 0-521-82197-5

[3] "Cartwright biography" . www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk . University of St. Andrews School of Mathematics and Statistics . ???? ?- 15 ??????? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[royalsoced1-4] "Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783?2002" (PDF) . Royalsoced.org.uk . ???? ?- 20 ?????? 2015 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[5] Women in Mathematics: Celebrating the Centennial of the Mathematical Association of America, ??' 30.

[6] Cartwright's Theorem - Theorem of the Day

[7] DeFuria, Jack ( 22 ???????? 2014 ). "Mary Lucy Cartwright" . Prezi . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[8] "A Point of View: Mary, queen of maths" . BBC News Magazine . 8 ???? 2013 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )

[obituary-9] "Mistress of Girton whose mathematical work formed the basis of chaos theory" . Obituaries Electronic Telegraph . 11 ?????? 1998 . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[hayman-10] Walter Hayman ( 1 ??????? 2000 ). "Dame Mary (Lucy) Cartwright, D.B.E. 17 December 1900 ? 3 April 1998" . Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society . 46 . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite journal }}: ( ???? )

[11] "CWP Profile" . UCLA. 2001. ????? ?- ????? ?-2016-10-17 . ???? ?- 8 ???? 2017 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]