?? ???? ????? ????????
(?
??????
:
?Who Wants to Be a Millionaire
) ???
??????? ????????
????? ?????? ??????
????????
????? ?????. ????? ?
??????
??????? ????? ??????? ?-
4 ???????
1998
, ????
ITV
??????? ???? ????, ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?-11 ??????? 2014, ??????? ????? ?????? ?-ITV.
?????
??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? 100 ?????? ???????
[1]
[2]
, ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??
??????? ???????
????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-2000.
[3]
[4]
?? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? ???????? ?????? ????, ????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ????????. ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? "Cash Mountain", ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??
??? ?????
, ???? ???? "
??? ???????
" ????
1956
, ??????? ??
???? ??????
?????? ????.
???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????, ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ????? (Celador) ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????. ???? ????? ?????? ???????, ?? ???? ????.
???? ????????? ??????, ??? ????', ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????. ??? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????. ????, ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????, ??? ???? ???? ???? ????????; ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????; ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ?? ??? ??? 2000 ????? ?????? ?-35 ?????? ?????
[5]
. ???? 2003, ????? ?????????? ?? "?? ???? ????? ???????" ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????, ??????? ?-49% ?????? "??????? ?????????????" ???? ???? ????? ?????
[6]
.
???? 2006 ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???, ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????, ????? ???? ?-100 ??????
???"?
(173 ?????? ????)
[7]
. ????? ???????? 2waytraffic ???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????
???? ????
?? 2waytraffic ????? 137.5 ?????? ???"?. ???
???? ????
?????? ??????? ?????? ???????, ????? ????? ? ABC ???????? ??????, ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????. ????? 2010 ???? ????
???
???????? 30% ????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? "?? ???? ????? ????????"
[5]
. ?????
2010
, ???? ????? ?????? ??? 50 ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????
[8]
. ?????? 2013, ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? 80 ?????? ???.
[9]
??????? ???
??????? ???????
, ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????, ??? ???? ?-100
?"?
(?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????), ?? ?????? 200 ??? ???? ?-300, 500, 1,000 (???? ????? ??????), 2,000, 4,000, 8,000, 16,000, 32,000 (???? ????? ?????), 64,000, 125,000, 250,000, 500,000 ??? ?????? - ???? ?????.
???????? ?? ?? ????? ??????: ??? ??? ???? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??, ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????. ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ????, ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ??? ???, ???? ????????, ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???.
????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????, ????? ?? ???????, ????? ????? ????: ???? (???? ??????? ???? ??????), 50-50 (???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????) ???? ?????? (?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 30 ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????). ????
2006
???? "???? ????" ??? ??? ????? ?????, ??? ?????? ???? ??, ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????. ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????, ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????.
????? ????????? ??? ?
???? ???
?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? (??? ?? 10 ?????? ????) ??? ????? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ???? 11:
- ????? ?????
- ???? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????.
- ?????? ????
- ????? ?????, ??? ??? ????? ????? ????.
?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????, ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????, ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????, ????? ??????, ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???, ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????, ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????, ?????????? ????-???.
????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? "?? ???? ????? ????????", ???? ???? ???????
???? ??????
???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??????. ??, ????, ?
??? ???????
???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????
[10]
.
????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????, ?? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????. ????, ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????, ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??.
???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????: ????? ?
????????
????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? - 15 ????? ?????? 1?5, ??? ??? ?????? 6?10 ?-45 ????? ?????? 11?14, ???? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ????? ????? ??, ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????, ?????? ???? ?-2 ???????: ?????? ?????? ?? 10 ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????, ??? ???? ???? ??????, ??????? ???? ??? 4 ????? ????? "?????? ??????". ????? ?
???????
, ????, ????? "???? ???????", ?????? ????? ?????? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?
????????
?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????, ??????? ?????? ??? ????, ?????? ???. ??? ??, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ??? (??? ????? ????????), ??? ???? ?????? ?-12 ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????.
???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????: ?
?????
???? ????? ??? 3,000,000
???? ????
, ?
????????
5,000,000
???? ???????
, ???????? 40,000,000
??????
, ?
???????
20,000
???? ??????
, ?
??????
?
??????
50,000
????
, ?
??????
3,000,000
??? ???????
, ?
????
???? 50,000
??? ????
(??? ???? ????? ?? ????, ??????? ????? "?? ???? ????? ?????"), ?
???? ??????
2,000,000
???? ?????
??
???????'?
100,000,000
????? ???????'??
.
????? ????
???? ?????
. ?????? ???? ?
?????????
????? "???? ???????? ???", ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????, ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? "????", ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????. ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????????.
???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? "50-50", ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ?
??????
. ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?
????? ???????
"?? ???? ????? ???????" ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? 1999, ????
ABC
[11]
. ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?-28 ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????
[12]
. ???? 2002 ??????
???? ???? ?????
(???? ??? ABC), ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????????, ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????
[13]
. ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?
????? ????
.
???? 2007 ????? ??????? ???????
????????? ?????? ?? ???
?? ????? ?? ???? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????
[14]
.
- ??? ????? ?
?? ???? ????? ???????? (?????? ???????? ???????)
????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???, ????? ??? "???????", ??????
?????? ???
?
???? 2
, ?-
25 ???????
1999
[15]
, ????? ????? ?
???????
???? ?? ?-27%
[16]
. ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? 2003. ???? 2006 ???
???? ???
?? ??????? ??????
[17]
, ?? ??????? ???? ???????? ????
[18]
, ??????? ????? ???? ???. ???? ??????? ?? ?????, ???? ?? ???????
???? ????
.
?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???, ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? 1972, ???? ??? ??????? 2000
[19]
. "???? ??? ???????" ??? ?????: "???? ????? ?????? ????????, ?? ??? ???? ?? ???????". ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????. "???? ???????" ????? "??? ???? ?????? ????? "????????? ???????"?". ??? ????? ????? ?-50:50 ????? ?? ???????: "??? ????, ???!" ?"????? ?????...??!". ?? ????? ??? ????? "
?? ?? ???
" ??? ????? ?????? "??? ????, ???!" ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?"? ???????. ???? ???-?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????, ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????
[20]
.
??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????, ??????? ?? ??????, ????? ?????? ??????????
????? ?????
????? ????? ?? 250,000 ?"? ???? 2000, ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????
[21]
. ??? ???? ?????: "?? ??? ?
???
???? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????????" (??????:
????? ?????
), ??? ?????? ???? ???????
???? ???
?????: "?? ??? ?? ?
?????????????
?" (??????:
????? ???? ??????
).
??????? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?
?????? ??????
?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????
[
???? ????
]
.
????? 2020, ??? ???????
???? ???????
????? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ???? ?????? ?-16 ????? ?????
??? 12
????? ????
??? ??
[22]
.
????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? 2001, ?'???? ??????, ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????. ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??, ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????, ???? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ??????, ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ????? ??????? ???? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
???? ?? ????
. ????? ???? ????
??? ?????????
????? ?? ??????, ?? ????? ??????? ???????, ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?????
[23]
.
???? 2020, ??? ?????? ???????,
itv
, ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ??????
Quiz
.
????? ?
??????
?? ?????? ?????????, ????? ???? ????????? ?????: "???????, ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????
????
?". ????????? ?????? ????? ??? 12, 24, 36 ?-48. ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? 4 ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????, ??? ?????? ??? 24 ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?-64,000
???"?
. ?
?????
?
?????
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????? ?????
" ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?
????
, ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????. ???, ?????? ?????? ??? 12 ?????. ?? ?? ?
????
, ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?
???
.
- ^
"Millionaire dominates global TV"
. BBC News.
12 ?????? 2005
. ???? ?-
6 ??????? 2014
.
- ^
"Best-selling television format"
.
Guinness World Records
. ???? ?-
2024-01-06
.
- ^
"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire".
Gameshow Hall of Fame
. 21 January 2007. GSN.
- ^
Lowry, Brian (2019-08-14).
"How 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire' changed the primetime TV rulebook"
.
CNN
(???????)
. ???? ?-
2024-01-24
.
- ^
1
2
???????? ???????
,
"?? ???? ????? ???????" ????? ???????? ???? ??????
, ????
TheMarker
, 14 ?????? 2000
- ^
???????? ???????
,
????? ?????????? ?? "?? ???? ????? ???????" ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????
, ????
TheMarker
, 24 ????? 2003
- ^
???? ??, ?
??????? "?? ???? ????? ????????" ????? ?????? ?-173 ?????? ????
, ????
?????
, 2 ?????? 2006
???????? ???????
,
???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? "?? ???? ????? ????????" ????? ????? ??????? ???? 100 ?????? ???"?
, ????
TheMarker
, 2 ?????? 2006
- ^
???? ?????
,
???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?-30% ???? 50 ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????
, ????
TheMarker
, 8 ????? 2010
- ^
??? ????
,
?????? ?? ??? ?????: ?????? 80 ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????
, ????
TheMarker
, 24 ?????? 2013
??? ????????, ?
?? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????
, ????
?????
, 24 ?????? 2013
- ^
The Millionaire Project
- ^
??????? ?????
, ?
??????? ???? 26 ???????
, ????
?????
, 6 ?????? 1999
- ^
??? ???, ??? ???'??, ?
?? ??? ?? ????? (???????) ????????
, ????
?????
, 31 ???? 2000
?????
??????
????? ????, ?
?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????, ????? ????????
, ????
?????
, 25 ?????? 2000
- ^
???????? ???????
,
????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? "?? ???? ????? ???????" ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ???.??.??
, ????
TheMarker
, 30 ??????? 2001
- ^
??? ???, ??? ???'??, ?
????? ??????????? "?? ???? ????? ???????" ???? ????? ????
, ????
?????
, 29 ?????? 2007
- ^
????? ????, ?
???? ???? ???? ?? "???????" ????
, ????
?????
, 12 ???????? 1999
- ^
????? ????, ?
????? ????: ????, ???? ??????
, ????
?????
, 16 ?????? 1999
- ^
???? ?????
,
??? ???????? ?????
, ????
????
, 30 ????? 2006
- ^
???? ??????????,
???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? 22.1%; "?????? ??????" ????? ?? 21.9%
, ????
????
, 30 ???????? 2006
- ^
????? ????, ?
????? ???????: ??????? ?? 21.4%
, ????
?????
, 13 ??????? 2000
- ^
?????? ??
???? ?????
"
??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????
", ???? ??????? "???? ???????" ?
???? 10
, 4 ????? 2011; ????? ????
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- ^
???? ????, ?
250 ??? ???. ????!
, ????
?????
, 15 ???? 2000
- ^
?????? ????
,
"?? ???? ????? ???????": ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????
, ????
????
, 17 ????? 2020
- ^
???? ?????
,
?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???
, ????
????
, 12 ??????? 2003