????? ???? ??????? ?????????

????? ???? ??????? ????????? (? ?????? : The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians ) ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? "Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart" ???? ? ?????? , ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?-19 ???????? ?? ??????. ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ? ??????? .

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?"????? ??????? ?????????" (A Dictionary of Music and Musicians) ?????? ????? (1878 ,1880, 1883, 1899) ????? ???? ?? ?'???' ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?'?? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????????.

??????? ??????, ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ?'?? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?- 1900 . ??????? ???????, ?? ??? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????, ?????? ???? ?. ?. ???? ??????? ?- 1927 . ??????? ???????, ?? ??? ????? ???? ????, ???? ??? ?- 1940 ?????? ????? (????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????) ???? ?? ??? ????? (??? ???? ???? ?????).

??????? ???????, ????? ?????, ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?- 1954 . ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???????. ???? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ????, ????? ????? ???? ???? ????, ????? ?- 1961 . ???? ??? ?????? ?-1959, ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?- 1966 .

????? ????, ?????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????? ??????? ?????? ?-1980, ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? (The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians) ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? 22,500 ?????? ?-16,500 ????????? . ^[1] ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????.

??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ???? 1995, ??? ?-1982 ?-1983. ????? ???? ?-90 ??? ???? ?? ???????????? $2,300. ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?-1995 ????? $500. ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? 1980.

??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????.

????? ????, ?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? (??????? ??? ????) ???? ??? ?-2001, ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ????? ?? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? Grove Music Online.‏ ^[2] ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ?????? ???? ??? ?'?? ????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?- CD-ROM , ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ????? ??? ?? ??????, "?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????". ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? (??? ????? ? Private Eye ) ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????. ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????, ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????, ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????? ???? .

????? ???? ??????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????????. ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????, ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ? ???? , ??? ????? ?????.

????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????. ????? ?-29 ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? "????? ???? ???? ?? ??????" (New Grove Dictionary of Opera) ?? ?????? ?????, ??????? ?? ????? ?????, 1992 . ?????? ????? ?? "????? ???? ???? ?? ??'?" (New Grove Dictionary of Jazz) ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ??????, 2002 . ???? ????? ????? ?-50,000 ??????.

????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????, ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???.

?- 2008 ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? (Oxford Music Online).

????? ???????? ??????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 2008 ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? (Oxford Music Online), ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ???? "???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????, ???? ??????? ??? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ???? cross-search ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???." ^[3] ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???, ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ????? ???? ?? the Oxford Companion to Music, the Oxford Dictionary of Music, and the Encyclopedia of Popular Music. ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????, ????? Oxford History of Western Music ?? ???'?? ???????? .

????? ????, ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???, ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????.

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????????. ????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????.

?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ( Macmillan Publishers ) ???? ???? ?-2004 ?????? ?????????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ??? Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart" ‏(MGG), ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????, ??????? ???? ???????.

????? ?? ????? ??????, New Grove Dictionary of Opera, ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ? ????? .

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? 2001 ?????:

29,499 ?????? ??? ????.
- 5,623 ?????? ????? ???????.
20,374 ????????? ?? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?? ??????.
- 96 ?????? ?? ???? ???????.
1,465 ?????? ?? ?????, ?????? ??????.
- 283 ?????? ?? ???????.
805 ?????? ?? ??????, ????? ?????.
- 580 ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ???????? .
- 1,327 ?????? ?? ?????? ??????.
- 1,221 ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? , ?????? ??? ? ?'?? .
2,261 ?????? ?? ???? ???????, ???????.
- 89 ?????? ?? ???????? .
693 ?????? ?? ???? ? ????? ???? .
- 174 ?????? ?? ??? ??????.
- 131 ?????? ?? ??????.

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????:

??? ????? ?????-????? (Dag Henrik Esrum-Hellerup) ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?- 1980 . ?? ?????? ?? ?????-????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????????. ^[4] ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ????????????, ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????. ????? ???? ???? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ^[5]^[6]
???????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? 1980. ??? ??? ?????-?????, ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???????. ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????. ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?-'Archiv fur Freiburger Diozesan geschichte'. ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????????, ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????. ??? ???? ????? ??????, ????? ????. ^[7]

???? ????? ??????? , ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? 1980, ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?-in-jokes dictionary, ?????? ??????? ?????? 1981 ?? The Musical Times (??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??). ^[8]

????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???:

?????, '???' (????) (????? ?-1550, ????? ?-3 ?????? 1611 ??????? (Wapping)

Ear-flute
Hameln (Hamelin)
Khan't, Genghis (Tamburlaine) (b Ulan Bator, c1880; d New York, 22 Nov 1980)
Stainglit (Nevers), Sait d'Ail (fl Middle Ages) ? i.e. 'Stanley Sadie', following the example of Luis van Rooten
Verdi, Lasagne ['Il Bolognese'] (b Bologna, 10 Oct 1813; d Naples, 15 March 1867)

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ? ??????????

??? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? (???????)

Worldcat listings for Grove Dictionaries
'About the New Grove Dictionary', San Francisco Symphony Orchestra
'Grove Music Online ', Rutgers University Libraries (???? ????? ???? ????)
Greg Sandow and Anne Midgette, 'Grove sees trees but not forest' , The Wall Street Journal , July 3, 2001
Benjamin Ivry, 'You could look it up: The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians' (Review) , Commonweal , March 9, 2001
Allen P. Britton, 'Review: The New Grove Dictionary of American Music' , American Music , Vol. 5, No. 2 (Summer, 1987), pp. 194-203
Fairtile, Linda B. (Fall 2003). "Reviewed work(s): The New Grove Dictionary of Music Online by Laura Macy". Journal of the American Musicological Society 56 (3): 748?754.).
Phillip D. Crabtree, Donald H. Foster, 1993, Sourcebook for Research in Music , Bloomington: Indiana University Press, ISBN 0253213231
Interview with Stanley Sadie by Bruce Duffie October 29, 1992

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Scott Kennedy, Reference Sources for Small and Medium-sized Libraries (1999) p. 216.
^ Grove Music Online - online version of the 2001 edition
^ "About Oxford Music Online".
^ Foreign-language webpage showing the original dictionary entry
^ Levison, Brian; Farrer, Frances (2007). "How the Danes Discovered a New Composer". Classical Music's Strangest Concerts: Extraordinary But True Stories From Over Five Centuries of Harmony and Discord. London: Robson Books. pp. 40?43. ISBN 978-1-86105-938-3 .
^ Oestreich, James R. (21 January 2001). "Words on Music, 25 Million of Them". The New York Times.
^ Oestreich, James R. (21 January 2001). "Words on Music, 25 Million of Them". The New York Times.
^ [Stanley Sadie and others] 'The New Grove', in The Musical Times, Vol. 122, no. 1656 (February 1981), pp. 89-91

[1] Scott Kennedy, Reference Sources for Small and Medium-sized Libraries (1999) p. 216.

[2] Grove Music Online - online version of the 2001 edition

[3] "About Oxford Music Online".

[4] Foreign-language webpage showing the original dictionary entry

[5] Levison, Brian; Farrer, Frances (2007). "How the Danes Discovered a New Composer". Classical Music's Strangest Concerts: Extraordinary But True Stories From Over Five Centuries of Harmony and Discord. London: Robson Books. pp. 40?43. ISBN 978-1-86105-938-3 .

[6] Oestreich, James R. (21 January 2001). "Words on Music, 25 Million of Them". The New York Times.

[7] Oestreich, James R. (21 January 2001). "Words on Music, 25 Million of Them". The New York Times.

[8] [Stanley Sadie and others] 'The New Grove', in The Musical Times, Vol. 122, no. 1656 (February 1981), pp. 89-91

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