???? ??????

???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ????? , ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????, ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? - ??????. ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ????? ????????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????.

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ?-90 ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? 10-15% ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????. ???? 2001 ???? ?? ????? ?-15,000 ????? ????? ?????? ^[1]. ????? 2000?2007 ????? ?????? ??????? ?-3,500 ?????, ????? 1,957 ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ^[2]. ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ^[3].

????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????????. ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ^[4]. ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????????. ????? 2008?2012 ????? ?-4,000 ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ^[5]. ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ^[6].

???? 2015 ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? , ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ^[6] ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? 35, ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?-5 ????? ????????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????.

??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? "???? ??????" ????? ??????? ????? . ???? 2016 ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????. ??, ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? 2016 ????? ?' ^[7], ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?'. ??? ??????? ???? ???? 2017 ??????? ????? ???? ?' ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?', ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?'.

???? 2016 ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ?"???? ??????", ?-1.1 ??????? ?"? ^[8].

????? 2017 ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?-15 ??? ????? ^[9]. ?????? ?? ????? ?-42,000 ????? ^[10].

??????? 2017 ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?', ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?', ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??. ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? 2019 ^[11]. ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?-3 ????, ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????.

???? 2018 ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? 26 ?????? ?????? ???? ???? 35 ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ^[12].

???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????, ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ^[13].

???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????. ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????????.

?? ?????? 2018 ????? ??????? ???? ?-128 ??? ???? ???, ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? 2018 ????? ?-5.9 ??????? ?"?. ^[14] ???? ???? 2018, 3,500 ????? ??????, ?-25 ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???, ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ^[15]. ?? ??? ??? 2018, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ?????? ^[16].

??????? 2019 ??? ????? ?????? ?????? , ????? ???????? , ?????? "???? ??????", ??? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???, ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????. ^[17]

???? 2020, ?????? ??????? "???? ????? ?????" ?? ???? ????? .

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??. ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????, ?????? ???? ????? ^[18]. ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????, ???? 50% ??????? ?? ?? 5 ????? ?????. ^[14] ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? "?? ?????" ?????? ????? ????? ^[19]. ?? ?? ??????, ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???, ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ???, ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????"?.

??? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ^[20]^[21]^[22].

????? ????, ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?-26-40% ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????, ? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????, ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ^[23].

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????
??????? ?????? ???? , 5 ??????? 2017
????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????
????? ????, ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????: ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? , ???? TheMarker ‏, 11 ?????? 2015
??? ???? , ??? ???? "???? ??????" ????? ???? ??????? - ??? ????? ???????? , ???? nana10 ‏, 25 ???? 2017
????? ?????, ? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? "???? ??????" ????? ???? ?????? , ???? ????? ??????? , 25 ??????? 2017
???? ????, ? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? , ???? ????? , 25 ??????? 2017
???? ????????, "???? ??????", ????? ?????? , ???? " ?????? ??????? ", 20 ?????? 2019
???? ?????, ? ??? ???? ?????? ????: ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? "???? ??????" , ???? ? ???? ?, 23 ???? 2020
????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ??? ???? , ??????? ?????? 15 ??? ??"? ????? ???? ?????? , ???? ???? , 21 ??????? 2001
^ ?? ??, ???? ?????: ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? , ????? ???? , ???? 2 , 16 ??????? 2007
^ ???? ?????? , ? ?? ??????? ????? - ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? , ???? ? ???? ?, 12 ??????? 2012
^ ????? ??"? ?????? ??????????? ?????: ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? , 29 ??????? 2012, ????? ???? ???? ??????
^ ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? "???? ??????" , ???? ????? , 12 ?????? 2013
^ ¹ ² ????? ????, ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? , ???? ??????? , 22 ????? 2015
^ ???? ?????? ????? ?' ?? ?????? ???? ?????? , ???? ???? ??????
^ ???? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????: 1.1 ??????? ??? ?-2016 , ???? ynet , 21 ??????? 2017
^ ???? ????, ? ?????? ?????? ?"???? ??????": 36,292 ??? ????? , ???? ????? , 3 ????? 2017
^ ???? ????, ? ???? ?????? - ?????? ??????: ????? 1 ?-27 ????? ?????"? , ???? ????? , 10 ????? 2017
^ ?????? "???? ??????" ?????? ?? ??? 2019 , ???? ynet , 18 ??????? 2017
^ ???? ?????, ?????? ??? 26? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? , ???? ynet , 11 ???????? 2018
^ ??? ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????? , ???? ??????? , 15 ??????? 2017
^ ¹ ² ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? "???? ??????" , ???? www.mevaker.gov.il
^ ???? ????????, ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ????? ??????: "???? ??????" - ????? ?????? , ???? ynet , 21 ?????? 2019
^ ????? ????, ???? ?????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??140 ??? ??? ?????? , ???? ??????? , 5 ????? 2022
^ ???? ????????, ? ?????"?: ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? , ???? ????? , 10 ??????? 2019
^ ??? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????: 68% ??????? ???? , ???? ??????? , 29 ??????? 2017
^ ????? ???, ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? - ????? ????? , ???? TheMarker ‏, 26 ?????? 2019
^ ???? ????, ???? ?????? ?????: ??? ??????? ????? , ???? ??????? , 28 ??????? 2016
^ ???? ????, ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? , ???? ??????? , 26 ?????? 2017
^ ????? ???? , "???? ??????": ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? , ???? ????? 13 (????? ???? ??? ), 12 ?????? 2016
^ ???? ????????, ? ??? ?????: ?????? ?????? ?"???? ??????" ?????? ????? ???????? , ???? ????? , 28 ???? 2023

[1] ??? ???? , ??????? ?????? 15 ??? ??"? ????? ???? ?????? , ???? ???? , 21 ??????? 2001

[2] ?? ??, ???? ?????: ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? , ????? ???? , ???? 2 , 16 ??????? 2007

[3] ???? ?????? , ? ?? ??????? ????? - ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? , ???? ? ???? ?, 12 ??????? 2012

[4] ????? ??"? ?????? ??????????? ?????: ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? , 29 ??????? 2012, ????? ???? ???? ??????

[5] ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? "???? ??????" , ???? ????? , 12 ?????? 2013

[גזית-6] ¹ ² ????? ????, ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? , ???? ??????? , 22 ????? 2015

[7] ???? ?????? ????? ?' ?? ?????? ???? ?????? , ???? ???? ??????

[8] ???? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????: 1.1 ??????? ??? ?-2016 , ???? ynet , 21 ??????? 2017

[9] ???? ????, ? ?????? ?????? ?"???? ??????": 36,292 ??? ????? , ???? ????? , 3 ????? 2017

[10] ???? ????, ? ???? ?????? - ?????? ??????: ????? 1 ?-27 ????? ?????"? , ???? ????? , 10 ????? 2017

[11] ?????? "???? ??????" ?????? ?? ??? 2019 , ???? ynet , 18 ??????? 2017

[12] ???? ?????, ?????? ??? 26? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? , ???? ynet , 11 ???????? 2018

[13] ??? ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????? , ???? ??????? , 15 ??????? 2017

[:0-14] ¹ ² ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? "???? ??????" , ???? www.mevaker.gov.il

[15] ???? ????????, ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ????? ??????: "???? ??????" - ????? ?????? , ???? ynet , 21 ?????? 2019

[16] ????? ????, ???? ?????: ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??140 ??? ??? ?????? , ???? ??????? , 5 ????? 2022

[17] ???? ????????, ? ?????"?: ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? , ???? ????? , 10 ??????? 2019

[18] ??? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????: 68% ??????? ???? , ???? ??????? , 29 ??????? 2017

[19] ????? ???, ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? - ????? ????? , ???? TheMarker ‏, 26 ?????? 2019

[20] ???? ????, ???? ?????? ?????: ??? ??????? ????? , ???? ??????? , 28 ??????? 2016

[21] ???? ????, ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? , ???? ??????? , 26 ?????? 2017

[22] ????? ???? , "???? ??????": ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? , ???? ????? 13 (????? ???? ??? ), 12 ?????? 2016

[23] ???? ????????, ? ??? ?????: ?????? ?????? ?"???? ??????" ?????? ????? ???????? , ???? ????? , 28 ???? 2023

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[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

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[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]