???? ???? 100 ?? ????? ?????, 2014
???? ????? ??????
???
????? ?????
, ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ??
?????
,
????? ?????
?
?????
. ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????. ?
????? ?????
, ?
????
?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???
911
, ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? 112. ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????.
?
?????
??? ???? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????, ?????
2011
???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????
[1]
. ????
2012
????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????
[2]
.
???? 100 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? 112 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????
????? ?????
?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? "????" ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????. ???? 2013 ?????? ????? 9,208,890 ?????
[3]
.
?? ?????
???? ?-21
??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????, ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????
[4]
. ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????, ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? 2010 ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
[5]
. ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?????
???"?
??????
????? ?????
????
2011
?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? 100
[6]
.
??? ???????? ?? ????? 100 ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??????
??"?
?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ???????? ?????
?????
????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ??????, ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????, ??? ?
??? ????? ??????
, ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ????? ???? ?? ?
?????
?????? ?
?????
[7]
. ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????
[8]
. ?-
2015
???? ???? 110, ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?-20% ????? ?????? ???? 100
[9]
.
????? 2014 ????? ???? 100 ????? ????? ???????, ??????? ????? ????? ???????, ??? ????? ????????
[10]
. ?? ???? ???? 110 ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????, ???? ????? ?????? ????? 100 ?? ??? ?????
????? ?????
????? ?????? ??? ?????
[11]
.
???? ????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? 999
[12]
. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? 999 ???? ???? ????? ??? 4444
[13]
. ???? 1950 ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? 999
[14]
[15]
. ??????? 1968 ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?-100
[16]
.
???? 101 - ???? ?????? ?? ??"? (??? ??? ???? ??????)
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
???? 101 ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????.
???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? (????????) "??"? ???". ???????? ??????? ????
[17]
, ???????? ???:
- ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? 101
- ????? ??????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????
- ???? ????
???? ?????
?? ????? ??????? ?
???????
???? 102 ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????
????? ?????? ?????? ?????
????? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????
[18]
. ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????
?????
?
???
.
- ???? 103
???? ?????
? ?????? ?? ?????
- ???? 104
????? ?????
? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????
[19]
.
- ???? 105
???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????
[20]
.
- ???? 106 ?????? ? ?????? ?? ??????. ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??? 107, 108 ?? 109.
- ???? 110 ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????
- ???? 112 ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????, ?? ?? ??? ???? ?/?? ??? ????? ???.
- ???? 118
???? ?????? ????????? ????????
???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????
?????
,
?????
,
?????
?
??????? ???????
?
???? ???????
,
???????
, ??
???? ??????
[21]
- ???? 119
???? ?????? ??????
- ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.
- ???? 1220
??"?
- ???? 1221
????? ????
(?-
1 ???????
2011
? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
??? ??? ????
?????? ??????? ?????? ??????).
- ???? 1201
??"?
? ???? ?????? ?????
- 1202/1203 ???? ?????? ??
????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????
????? ????? ?????? 24/7 ??????? (1202) ??????? (1203) ?? ?????? ?????.
- ???? 1208 ?????? ????????? ?? ?
?????? ????????
????"?
. ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.
- ???? 1230
??????
???? ?????? ? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????, ?????? ?????? ???? ??????, ???: ???? ????, ???? ?????? ????, ????? ??? ????? ????. ??????, ????? ???????? ????, ????
???? ?????
24 ???? ?????, ??? ???? ?????, ???? ????? ?????.
????? ?????? ?????
[22]
:
1-1-2
9-1-1
1-1-2 ?-9-1-1
???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????
????? ????? ?????? 112 ?
?????
.
?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? (CEPT) ?????? ?? ????? ????? 112 ???? 1972. ???? ???
?????? ???????
????? ?? ???? 112 ??????? ?-
29 ?????
1991
. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? CEPT. ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????.
?????? ???? ????? 1-1-2 ????? ?????? ?????? ??
????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
, ??? 101 ??????? ??????, 102 ?
?????
, 103 ?
???????
?-104 ??????? ???.
??? 2008, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
????? 112
????? ?????, ?????? ????, ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? 112 ?????? ??????? ?????. ?-11 ??????? 2013,
???? ??????? ??????
??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? 9, ?? ???? ????? "112" ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? 2014 ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? (??????? 1 ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? (??????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? "02", ??? "102") ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? 2017 (?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? 01 ??????? ??????, 02 ?
?????
, 03 ?
???????
?-04 ??????? ???).
?
????? ???????
???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? 999. ???? ?? ???? ?? ?
??????
, ??????, ????????, ????, ???? ????, ??????, ????, ????, ?????, ?????????, ????? (?? ?? 112 ???? ????? ?????), ????, ?????, ??? ???????, ???????, ??????? ??????, ??? ?????, ??????, ????? ????????? ??????? ?
????????
????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. ?
???????? ?????? ?? ???
, ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?
????'???
????.
???? ?????? ?
????????
??? 000 ??
??? ?????
??? 111.
- ^
???? ??????,
???? ?????? ?????: ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????
, ????
nana10
, 24 ????? 2011
- ^
???? ???'
,
?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????
, ????
????
, 16 ???? 2013
- ^
???? ???? ??????????,
?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? 2013
, ??? ????? ?????, ??' 14
- ^
????? ??????,
"??????? ????? 100 ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????"
, ??"?, 16 ????? 2014
- ^
???? ???????,
?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? 100
, ????
????
, 15 ??????? 2011
- ^
???? ???????,
?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? 100
, ????
????
, 15 ??????? 2011; ??? ???,
???? ??????: ???? ??"??? ????? ????? ????????
, ????
?????
, 4 ???? 2012
- ^
???? ?????, ???? ?????! ???,
???: ?? ???? ???? ?? ????
, ????
?????
, 19 ???? 2014
- ^
???????: ???? 100 ??? ???? ???? ??? ???
, ?? ????? ????? 8 ??????? 2014
- ^
???? ???? ???? ? 110
, ??? ????? ?????
- ^
???: ???? 100 ????? ????? ????? ???????
???? ????? ?????
- ^
???? '???? ????' ? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ?/?? ?????
- ^
????? ???? ?????
,
????
, 31 ???????? 1946
????? ??? ????? ??????
,
????
, 8 ??????? 1946
- ^
?????? ????? ???????? ??????
,
??????
, 11 ??????? 1948
- ^
??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????
,
????
, 3 ????? 1950
??. 999 ????? ??????? ?????
,
???
, 5 ????? 1959
- ^
999 ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????
,
??? ???
, 3 ????? 1950
- ^
????? ????? ??????
,
?????
, 1 ??????? 1968
- ^
??????? ?????????
, ????
??? ??? ????
- ^
?????? ????? ????? ???
- ^
??? ????? ?????
- ^
??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????
- ^
???? ?????
???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????
- ^
"911 and 112 are the world's standard emergency numbers, ITU decides"
.
The Verge
. ???? ?-
2018-07-26
.