???? ???? ???
(?
??????
:
Maya Ying Lin
; ?
?????
:
林?
; ????? ?-
5 ????????
1959
?
?????
, ?
?????
??
????? ?????
) ???
?????
, ????? ?
????????
????????
?????? ????? ??????? ???? (Land art).
[1]
???? ???, ?? ??????
??????
?
???
, ????? ??????, ????? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????
1948
???? ????? ???? ???? ???, ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????. ???? ???? ????
?????????? ?????
????????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??
?????
???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????.
[1]
??? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ??????,
??????
??????????. ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ????, ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????. ??? ??????? ??????? ?
???????
, ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ????, ??????? ???????.
[2]
??? ???? ?
?????????? ???
?????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????
??????
??????? ?
????? ???????
. ???? ??????, ??? ????? ??? ????? 21 ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????.
??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???? 1981 ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????, ???? ????? ???? 1986.
?????? ?-2018, ???? ??? ??????? ?
??? ????
.
[3]
??? ????? ?????? ????, ???, ???? ??? ????. ?? ?? ?? ????, ??? ???, ????? ??????.
[4]
????
????? ??????
????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????,
[5]
??? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????. ??? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????.
???? 2009 ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???
[6]
"?????? ????????" ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????-???, ??? ??????? ???????? ?????.
[2]
???? 2009 ???? ?? ??????? "?? ????" (
what is missing?
)
[7]
?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??, ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?"????" ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????.
[8]
????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????: ??? ????, ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????, ??? ?????.
[2]
?-1981, ????? ?????? ?
?????????? ???
, ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????
??????? ???? ????? ???????
.
[9]
??????? ????? ???? ?????
?????
?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? "
??
". ?? ?????? ?????? ???? 58,282 ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?
????
????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??'???. ??? ??, ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?
???? ?????? ?? ???? ?-20
.
???????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?
????????
???? ??????? ???? ???????: ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????, ???? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????, ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????.
????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????, ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????. ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ???? ?????? ??????, ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???????. ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????, ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????-?????? ???, ???? ???? ?????, ?? ?? ??????, ??? ????? ???????, ???????????? ????. ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????, ????: "??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???. ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????. ?? ???? ?????".
??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???.
????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???: "??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????: ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????, ?????? ??? ??????".
???? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ????.
???? 1988 ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????: ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??
????? ???? ????
: "
?? ?? ????
".
????
1993
????? ??? ?? "????? ?????", ????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???.
????
1995
???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? "????" ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??. ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????, ?????
2009
???? ?? ?????? ?????.
????
2000
???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??
????-???? ????? ?????
.
???? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????.
???? 2005 ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ??? ????.
???? 2022 ????? ??????
???? 100
.
[10]
- ^
1
2
Encyclopedia of World Biography,
Maya Ying Lin
- ^
1
2
3
Nadine Shubilat,
Environment Is Maya Lin's Latest Muse
, abc news
- ^
Maya Lin: Give Back from the Get-Go
, The Makers (
??????
)
- ^
S4 Ep10: Episode 10: Funny Business
, Finding your roots
- ^
Maya Lin's Project, What Is Missing
, Honoring The Future
- ^
Maya Lin,
Making the Memorial
, The New York Review of Books, 02/11/2000
- ^
maya lin
- ^
Maya Lin
, Pace Gallery
- ^
Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund
(
??????
)
- ^
Maya Lin: The 100 Most Influential People of 2022
, Time
(???????)