한국   대만   중국   일본 
????? ?????? ???????????? ? ???????? ???? ?????

????? ?????? ????????????

???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
אין לבלבל עם ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? " ?????????? ".
????? ?????? ????????????
Antisocial Personality Disorder
???? ?????? ????
?????? 1.8% ????? ??? [1]
????? ????? ???????? ???????, ????
??????? ??????? ????-?????? , ???????????? , ?????? , ????? , ?????? עריכת הנתון בוויקינתונים
????? ?????? ????-????????? עריכת הנתון בוויקינתונים
??????? ?????? ????
MeSH D000987
???????
DSM-5 301.7
ICD-10 F60.2
ICD-11 6D11.2 עריכת הנתון בוויקינתונים
לעריכה בוויקינתונים שמשמש מקור לחלק מהמידע בתבנית

????? ?????? ???????????? (? ?????? : Antisocial Personality Disorder , ? ???? ????? : ASPD ) ??? ????? ?????? , ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?????? , ???????????? , ???? ?????? ???????, ???????? ???????. [2] ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???????? (DSM), ?????? ?' ?? ?????? ???????, [2] ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ( ICD ), ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? (Dissocial Personality Disorder). [3]

?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????????, ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????. ????? ??? ????????, ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? (????? ????????? ????), ?? ?? ???? ????. [4] [5] [6] [7]

???????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ???????, ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. [8] ?? ?? ???, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. [9] ?????? ??????, ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? , ?? ??????? ????? ? ?????? . [10] [9] ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? , ????? ???? , ?????? ? ????? ???????, [?] ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????. [8] ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ??????? ?? ?????, ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????, ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ????. [11] [9]

?????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?? ?????? , ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ????, ????. [12] ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ????? ? ??? ??? . ???? ???? ???, ??????? ? ????????? ?? ? ????? ????? ????? ?????. [12] [9]

????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ????? ???? ????? ?? ? ??????? , ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ??. ?? ?? ???? ??? 90% ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? . [13] ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ????, ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????-?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????. [14] [9]

????? ?????? ?????? ???-?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????. ?????? ????-?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????, ????? ?? ??????? ??????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????. [12] ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? , ????? , ???? ??? , ?????? ?????? ????? ????. [15]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????, ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????, ?????? ????? ?? ?????. [16] [17] ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ???? ???? ??????, ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ? ??? ?? . ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? (Hostile attribution bias). [9] ???? ?? ???' ???????, ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????, ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. [18] ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????, ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

????? (2004) ????, ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????, ???????? ???????? ???????. [19]

?? ????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ????? ???? ?? " ??????? ???? ????", ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????, ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ????, ?????? ????? ?????. ????? ????????, ?????? ? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????. [20] ?? ???, ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????-????. ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ????, ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????. [9]

????? ???? ???? ???? ? ????? ???????-??????? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? (demandingenss) ???????.

????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ???-????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? . [21] ???? ??????? ???????, ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ?????? , ?????? ? ??????? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ????????. ??? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?"??? ????" ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????.

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?? ?? DSM-5 [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???????? . ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ???????? , ?- DSM , ?????? ????? ?????? ????????????, ??????:

  1. ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???-???? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????:
    1. ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ? ??? ; ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ???? .
    2. ????? : ????? ????, ?????? ??????, ????? ??? ???? ????? ????.
    3. ???????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????.
    4. ?????? ????????, ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????.
    5. ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????.
    6. ???? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????, ?? ????? ??????????? ??????.
    7. ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????.
  2. ?? ???? ????? ?? 18 ????? ??? ???? ??????.
  3. ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? 15.
  4. ??????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? , ?? ????? ??-?????? .

DSM-5, ???? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????, ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? "?????". ?? ???, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? DSM-5 ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ???? ??????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ?????, ???????????? ?????????????. [12]

???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??????????? ???????? "???" ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???????, ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? (?? ?? ??? ?? ???????). ??? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ???. ????? ?????? ????? ?-DSM-5 ??? ???? III ???? ?????? ?-"Emerging Measures and Models" ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? DSM ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????. ??? ???, ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??-??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????.

????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? (????? ????? ?????-????) ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????: [12]

  1. ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????
    1. ????: ?????????? , ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????, ??? ????, ?? ???? .
    2. ?????? ?????: ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????; ????? ???????? ???-??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????, ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????.
  2. ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????????
    1. ?????? : ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????; ????? ????? ???? ???????.
    2. ????????? : ??-????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????, ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???????, ????? ??????? ????? ??????; ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????.
  3. ?????? ?????? ?????????
    1. ?????????
      1. ???????????? : ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????; ????? ? ????? , ??? ????, ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????.
      2. ???? ?????? ? ????? : ??? ???? ?? ?????; ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
      3. ??????: ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????; ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ?????; ???? ??? ????? ? ??????? ? ?????? .
      4. ?????? : ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????; ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????; ???????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????.
    2. ??????? ???? ?????
      1. ???? ??????: ??????? ? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????; ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????.
      2. ???????????? : ?????? ?? ???? ???? (???? ????) ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????; ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????.
      3. ????? ???????: ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ????? , ???? ??????? ???????; ????? ? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????; ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????.
      4. ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????.
      5. ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????.
      6. ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???? (????, ????? ??????? ?????-????????, ??????) ?? ??? ????? (????, ????? ??? ?????).

?? ???? ????? ?? 18 ????? ??? ???? ??????.

?????? ???-???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? , ?????? ????? ??????, ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????-?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????, ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????????. ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ????, ?????? ?? ??? ??????.

?????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ?? ???????? ???' (1994) ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? 90.4% ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ???. [22] ?-50% ????? ? ?????? ???? , [23] [24] ????? ????? ? ?????? ????? . [25] ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? , ????? ????????? , ????? ???, ????? ????????????? , ????? ??-?????? , ????? ?????? ?????? , ????? ?????? ?????????? , ? ????? ?????? ?????????? . [26] [27]

????? ??????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ????? ???? ?????

???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????. ???? ??????????? ????, ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????. [28] ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 80% ?? 85% ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???. [29] [30] [31] ?? ???, ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????, ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????, ??? ????? ????.

???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? 71% ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????????, ?-62% ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????-???????? ?????. ???? ???? ?????? ???? ? ?????? , ????? ???? ?????? ???? ? ????????? . [30] ???? ???? ??????? ???????? (Episodic) ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????. [32] ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????, ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ? ??????? , ? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????, ????? ????????? ? ???? ???????? . [33] [34]

????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????, ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? . ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????, ???????, ?????, ??????? ????-??????. ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????????? , ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????????, ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????. [35]

???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????-?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????. [23] ??? ??, ????? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????, ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????????. ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?-48 ?????? ? ????? ????? , ???? ?? ???? ???? (53.3%) ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?? ? ?????? ???? ?????. [23] ???? ?? ??, ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????, ????? ???? ?????, ? ??????? , ??????? ???? ?? ASPD ????. [23]

????? ????, ???? ?????? ???????? ??????, ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????, ???? ?? 47% ????????? ????? ?-ASPD, ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? , ???? ?????? ????. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????, ??????, ?????? ???? ?????. [36]

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????, ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????. [37] ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? [38] , ? ?????? ?????? ??????. [39] ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????, ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? . [40] ?????? ??? ???? ?? ? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????, ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????, ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????-?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ???? . [41]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ?? ?????? ?????? (2010), ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? (?????????) ?? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?????. [42] ????? ????, ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? 26% ??????????, ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????. [43] ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? 5 ??????????, ??? 4 ?????????? ????, ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????????. [44] ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????: ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????.

???????? ???????????? ????? ?? ? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ? ????? . ????? ?????-??????? ???? ????? ????? ????-???????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? , ??? ???? ??? ? ?????? ????? ???. [45] ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ?????? ??????, ??? ????????, ????????? ??????. ???? (1988) ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????????, ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ????, ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????. [45]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???-?????? ?? ??????? ?????: ?????? ???-??????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ???-??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ????? ????? (????, ???? ???) ?? ?????? (????, ????? ???? ?????). ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????. [46] ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????, ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????. [47]

?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????????????, ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ? ?????? ????? ?? ? ????? ??? ??????? ??. [48] [37] ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ??????? ?????-?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???????, ???? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ????. [49] ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??? , ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????, ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????. ???? ????? ???????????, ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? "????????", "???? ?? ??", ?"????????????". [49] ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??, ????? ??? ????? ???? ????. [50]

????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ???? , ? ????? ???? ????. ???? ???, ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ? ?????? ????? , ???? , ????? ? ??????? , ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????. [51]

?????? ????????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??-?? DSM-5 , ?????? ?? ?????? ?-3% ?? ?????? ??-1% ?? ????? ?????????? ??????. [52] ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????, ???? ??? ???? . ????? ??????? ???? 2002 ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? 47% ???? ?????, ?-21% ???? ????. [53] ??? ??, ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????, [54] ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????????.

?????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? 63% ???? ?????, 49% ???? ????? ?????, ?-31% ???? ????. [55] ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?' ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? 75%. ?????? ???? ???, ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? 4.5% ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? 30 ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ???????? , ?-13% ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? 25 ??????. [56]

?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? , ????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ?????? ???? ??? 15. ?????? ????? ?? 5 ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????, ???? ?????????? ??????. [2] ? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? 0.7%. ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ? ???? ????? , ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????. [57]

????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? (??????, ???????????, ??????????????) ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????. ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??. [58]

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????-?? ???? ??? ?? ? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? 40%?50%. [59] ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????-??????, ????? ?????? ????????-??????? [?] ??????? ???????? ??-??????? ??????? ?????? ?????. [?]

????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????????. ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? 4 ??????? ? ???????? ???? 6 ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? 1.5 ???? ????? ?????? ????-?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????. [60]

SLC6A4 ??? ????? ????-?????? ???-?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? . ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????-?????? ????????????. [61] ?? ???, ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ?-"L", ????? ??????? ?? ???? 1 ? ????? ?????????? ???????? , ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????, ????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ????, ????? ????, ??????????, ?????????????. [62]

?????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???. [58]

?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????-???????, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????-?????? ????? ???? ? ????? . ???? ??, ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????-????? ??????? ?? ????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????-????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????, ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????. ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ???????. [63] ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ?? ????. ????? ????-??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ???????? (????, ????? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ????, ????? ??? ???? ????), ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????. [58] ????? '????? ??????' ???? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????-?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????. [64]

??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????-?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??????? (????, ?? ????? ?? "???????" ?? "??????") ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ? ???????? ?? ??????????????? , ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????. ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? , ????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????????. ????? ??? ?? ??? ? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????. [65] ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????.

???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????-?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????. ? ???? ????? ?? 26 ??? ???? ??? 1,037 ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????. ????? ???? ?? ?? ???, ????? ???????, ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????-??????, ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????. [66] ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? , ??? ???? , ???? ?????-?????, ??????? ????-?????? ?????, ? ???? ????? . ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????-?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? "????? ??????? ?????", ???? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????. ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????, ?? ???? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ????? . ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??????, ?????? ???????? ??????, ?????? ????? ? ????? . [66]

????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????-?????? ???? 20 ??? ????? ????. ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? 18 ??????? ???????? ??????, ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????-?????? ??????. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, [?] ?????????? ???? ?? ????, ?????? ?????? ?? ??????, ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????. [67]

????? ????? [2] [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? : ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? 15. ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???, ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????.

?????????? ?????? ????????? : ??????? ????-?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ??-?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????-????????.

?????? ?????? ?????: ??? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? (???? ????? ?????? ??????????). ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????, ???? ??????, ????????????, ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????.

????? ?????? ??????????: ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????????, ??????, ?????, ?????? ??????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????????? , ??????? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????. ????, ??????????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????.

??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? : ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????????.

????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????, ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ????????? . ?? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ????? ????? ???. ????? ???, ?? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? 30 ? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???. [4] ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????, ??????????, ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????????. [68] ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ?' ???? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????????.

????, ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? 691 ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????; ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???-?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? (????, ????? ????, ????? ?????, ??????????). ????'?? ??????? ???? ????? ??-????? ?? ASPD (????????? ???????, ???????, ????????? "??????", ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????????) ???? ?????. ????? ???-????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????? ???????? . [69]

????? ?? ????'?? ????? ???? ?????. ????, ???? ?????? ? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? (?????? ?? ASPD ?? ??? ?????????, ?????? ??? ASPD) ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? [?] ?????????????, ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????. [70] ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????. [71]

???? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??????, ?????, ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ????, ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ???? ????? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????, ????? ???, ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??, ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ?????, ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????. [72] ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????, ?? ??? ??????; ?????? ?????, ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????. [73] ??? ?? ??, ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????????. ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????.

???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? , ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????, ?????? ????, ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ?????? , ??????? , ?????? ????? ???-??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? . ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????. [74] ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ????.

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????. (?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??????, ??? ??????? ????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??? ???). ????, ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? (???? ?????? ??'??? ?? ????????? ), ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? . ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ??? ???? (???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????), ??? ???? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????????? . ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? . [75] ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????. ?????? ??? ??????.

???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ?? ???-?????? ???? 2002, "????????? ???????? ??????: ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????" ????? 42 ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????. ????-?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????????-?????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? (62%), ??? ?? ????? ??????????? (59% ????? ?????), ??????? ?????? ????? ?? 20% ?????? ???????. ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? , ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????. ?? ???, ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? 5 ??????, ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???????. [76]

???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? . ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????. [77] [78]

?????? CBT ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?????? , ? ?????? ?????? , ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????????, ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ? ??? ?? ????????. [79] ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????????, ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????. ????? ?? ?????? ??????, ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????, ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????. [80] ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????????-???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? , ???????? ????-???????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ????? , ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? , ?????? , ?????? . [81]

??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????????, ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ????, ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ????????, ????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ???, ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????. ?????, ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????????, ?????, ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????. ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????. [82] ?? ???, ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????????, ????? ????? ??????, ???????? ????????, ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????. ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????, ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? "????? ?? ??????" ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????. [83] ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????. ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? "????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ???" ?? ?"? ???? ???? . [84]

????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? . ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????. [85] ?? ???, ???? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? (Modified Therapeutic Community). [86] ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?-90 ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????. ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??: ??????? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ?????? ????-????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ???? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????????, ? ?????? ????? , ????? ?????? ????. ????? ??? ?? 12 ?????? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? 26 ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????. [85]

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????????, ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????, ???? ????????? ????? ???. ????, ??????? ?????? ????-????????? , ?????? ??? ??? ? ????? ?????? . ?? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????. [82]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????

??? ?? 18 ????? ?????? ?? 40% ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. [87]

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

ויקישיתוף ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ? ??????????

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  1. ^ ????, ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????, ??????, ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????-??????. ????: "?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??".
  2. ^ ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ????, ???? ?? ??????.
  3. ^ ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ????, ?????? ?????? ????.
  4. ^ ????, ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????.
  5. ^ Negative Emotionality (NEM) ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ???????. ????, ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????.

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

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