??????? ????-?????? ????
(?
??????
:
Federation Internationale de l'Automobile
, ????? ?????:
FIA
) ???
??????? ????? ?????????
?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?
????? ???????
????? ?????. ?????, ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ????? ?-20 ????? 1904 ??? "
?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????
" (?
??????
:
International Association of Recognized Automobile Clubs
, ????? ?????:
AIACR
). ???? ????
????? ????? ??????
????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????.
??????? ????? 246 ??????? ?-145 ?????? ?????
[1]
. ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?
???? ????????
?
????
,
????
. ???? ?????? ???
????? ?? ??????
, ????? ?????? ??? ??? 2022.
????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?
??????? 1
,
?????? ????? ?????? ??????
?
?????? ????? ?????
????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ?????, ??????? ??? ??
??????? ?????????? ?????????
(FIM) ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????
(
??'
)
.
????? ???????? ?????????
???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? 2011. ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????
[2]
[3]
.
?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? (???????: International Association of Recognized Automobile Clubs, ????? ?????: AIACR) ???? ?-20 ????? 1904 ?
????
?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?
????? ???????
?????????. ???? 1922 ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? (Commission Sportive Internationale) ??????? ????? ????? ?????
????? ???? ???
??????????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? 1931 ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????. ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????
????? ????? ??????
???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? (?
??????
: Federation Internationale de l'Automobile, ????? ?????: FIA). ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?
??????? 1
???????? ??? ???
1950
.
?????? ????? ???????? ?????
????? ???? 1953. ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????????, ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????, ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????. ???????? 1 ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? 1 (???????: Formula One Constructors Association, ????? ?????: FOCA) ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ??????? ??????
???? ???????
??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????. ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????
??? ?????? ??? ??????-???????
, ???? ???????, ????? ??
?'??-???? ??????
???? ???? ??????. ?????? ????
??????
????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? (???????: Federation Internationale du Sport Automobile, ????? ?????: FISA)
[4]
.
????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? "????? FISA-FOCA", ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????. ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????
???? ???????
??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????, ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????????. ???????, ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???????.
??? ?????
, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? 1991 ????? FISA. ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? FISA ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? FIA.
?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????
1994
?? ???? ?? ????
??????? ???
?
????? ???????
????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????
[5]
. ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????
[6]
. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ?????? ??? ?
?????
??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? (HANS) ??? ???????
[7]
. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????.
??????? ????? ???????
???? NCAP
, ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????. ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??"??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ????? ???? ??????
???? ???
??????
[8]
. ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? Latin NCAP ????? ?
?????? ???????
?-Global NCAP.
???? ??????? ??????? ??
??????? ????????
???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????, ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? 1997 ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????
[9]
. ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? 1999 ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????. ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????
[10]
.
???? ?????
????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????. ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ??, ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????, ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????????, ????? ???????. ?????, ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? "International Sportsworld Communicators", ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????, ??? ????
????? ???????
[9]
.
?????? ????? ???? 2001 ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????
[11]
. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?
???????
????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ?????????, ???? ???????? 1
[12]
. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????
[11]
. ??????? ??? ?? ???? ISC ?????? ??????? ???? ?????
[13]
[11]
. ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? 1 ????? ?"????? ??????? 1" (Formula One Group) ????? ???? ?? 360 ??????
????
[14]
.
????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?
?'???
, ?????? ???? ?
????? ???????
. ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?
????
. ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????
[15]
.
???? 2001 ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??-?????. ???? ????? 300 ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? 1. ???? 2004 ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? 2006 ????
??????
???????? "Make Roads Safe" ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????
[16]
.
?????
????? ?????? ?? ???? ?-21
??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? 1. ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????
[17]
. ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????, ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????
???? ??? ????? ?????
?????
2005
. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???. ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????
[18]
.
????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? 2005. ????? 2008 ??????, ???????, ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????. ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????. 103 ????? ???? ?? ??? 55 ???????
[19]
. ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????
[20]
[21]
. ????? ??? 2009 ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? 1 (FOTA), ??? ????? ???? ???? ??, ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????
2010
. ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????. ?????, ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????. ??????? ?? ??????? ????, ????? ?? ???, ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????. ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????
[22]
.
??????? ???????? ???????? 2009 ???
?'?? ???
, ???? ?????
?????
????? ??
??? ????
[23]
. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? 2021, ?? ????? ????
????? ?? ??????
[24]
.
?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????
- ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???'??? (1904?1931)
- ????? ?? ???? (1931?1936)
- ?'??? ?? ????-???? (1936?1946)
??????? ?????????? ????
- ?'??? ?? ????-???? (1946?1958)
- ?????? ?? ?????? ????? (1958?1963)
- ?????? ???'???? ?? ??????? (1963?1965)
- ?????? ?????? (1965?1971)
- ????? ?? ????? (1971?1975)
- ??? ?????? ??? ??????-??????? (1975?1985)
- ?'??-???? ????? (1985?1993)
- ??? ????? (1993?2009)
- ?'?? ??? (2009? )
- ^
FIA - Members
- ^
FIA gains official recognition from International Olympic Committee
, Autoblog, 16 Janaury 2012
- ^
IOC upgrades FIA to full recognition status
, Business Standard, 17 September 2013
- ^
Why Has FISA Been Abolished
, GrandPrix.com, 1 September 1993
- ^
Feature: A History of Safety
, Automotive, issue 2, 5 January 2006
- ^
The future of Formula 1 safety
, GrandPrix.com, 1 February 1996
- ^
FIA makes HANS device mandatory
, Autosport, 9 December 2005
- ^
Max Mosley: Mosley the grand machinator of Formula One
, Independent, 19 July 2003
- ^
1
2
Commission opens formal proceedings into Formula One and other international motor racing series
, 30 June 1999
- ^
The European Commission Apologises to the FIA
, AtlasF1.com, 27 July 1999
- ^
1
2
3
Commission closes its investigation into Formula One and other four-wheel motor sports
, European Commissionn, 30 Octobere 2001
- ^
Stewart Jackson, ?
Formula One: FIA to release commercial interests
,
The Telegraph
, 26 January 2001
- ^
Richards gets rallying
, GranddPrix.com, 17 April 2000
- ^
The seven F1 deals which made Ecclestone rich and powerful
, RaceFans.com, 24 January 2017
- ^
Mosley Re-Elected as FIA President for 4 Years
, AtlasF1.com, 5 October 2001
- ^
We're not a creature of the motor industry. We just want to save lives
, The Guaardian, 17 May 2007
- ^
GPWC presents new series to F1 teams
, GrandPrix.com, 21 November 2001
- ^
Michelin teams exonerated on Indy
, BBC, 22 July 2005
- ^
Mosley wins confidence vote in Paris
, Autosport, 3 June 2008
- ^
South African bodies consider FIA future
, Autosport, 4 June 2008
- ^
Mosley stays on as FIA president
, BBC, 3 June 2008
- ^
New Concorde Agreement finally signed
, Autosport, 1 August 2009
- ^
Todt elected as Mosley successor
, BBC, 23 October 2009
- ^
Mohammed Ben Sulayem elected FIA president, succeeding Jean Todt
,
ESPN
, 17 December 2022