??????? ??????????

??????? ?????????? (? ?????? : guerras carlistas , ? ????? : karlistadak ) ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ????? ???? ?-19 . ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ? ?? ?????? , ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????????. ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? 1833 ?- 1876 ??????? ? ???????? - ?????? ?? ??? ????? (1788?1855), ??????? , ??????? - ???? ???? "??????, ??? ????" ?????? ???? ????. ????? ( ????????? ? ??????? ) ??? ? ???????? , ?????? ???? ? ??????????? , ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????. ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? (???? ???????, ??????? ???'), ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????.

???? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ?? ???? 1833 , ??????, ????? ???? ???????? , ???? ? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? . ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? (?? ?????????) ??????????. ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????????, ???? ????? ????????. ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????, ???? ?????? , ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????. ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? 1830 ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? (??? ???? ???? 1830 ). ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????. ^[1]

???? ???? ????????????? ?????? ???? ??????, ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ???????, ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????, ????????? ??????? 1846 ? 1849 ??? ??????? ?????.

?????? ????????? ??????? (1833?1840) ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???, ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ?????? , ??????? ? ?????? .
?????? ????????? ?????? (1846?1849) ????? ???????? ??????? ????. ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????, ???? ????????? . ? ?????? , ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???????. ^[2]
?????? ????????? ??????? (1872?1876) ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???. ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?- 1868 , ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????. ? ????? (???????) ?????? ???? ? ????? , ????? ??????? (???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ). ????? ???, ????????? ????? ?? 1872 ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????, ????? ????? ???? ????????, ????? ?????? , ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????. ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????; ??? ????? ???? ????, ?? 1876 .
????? ??????? ????? (1936?1939) ???? ???? ????????? ? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????????. ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????, ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????; ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ????????, ?"????? ??????? ???", ?- FET y de las JONS .

????????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????. ?? ???, ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ^[3]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ? ??????????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ John Van der Kiste (2011). Divided Kingdom: The Spanish Monarchy from Isabel to Juan Carlos . History Press Limited. pp. 6?9. ISBN 9780752470832 .
^ Website of Municipality of Chantada, Galicia, in Galician
^ "Heritage History - Products" . www.heritage-history.com . ???? ?- 2023-03-09 .

[1] John Van der Kiste (2011). Divided Kingdom: The Spanish Monarchy from Isabel to Juan Carlos . History Press Limited. pp. 6?9. ISBN 9780752470832 .

[2] Website of Municipality of Chantada, Galicia, in Galician

[3] "Heritage History - Products" . www.heritage-history.com . ???? ?- 2023-03-09 .

[1]

[2]

[3]