???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
???? ???? ?????????
(?
??????
:
International Code Flags
) ?? ?????
????
?????
?
??????
?????? ???
??????
??????? ???? ?????? ????. ?? ?????? ??? ?
??? ?????? ?????????
(International Code of Signals), ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? (BOT) ?-
1857
, ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????. ?? ????, ????? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????????.
??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??
??????? ??????
.
????? ???? ???? ?????? ?-59 ????? ??????:
- 26 ?????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????"? ?????? ??? ????? ????? (alphabetical flags). ????? ???? ????, ???? ?????? A ?-B, ?????? ???? ????.
- 10 ????? ??????? ?? ?????? 0 ?? 9 (numeral pennants), ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????.
- 4 ????? ??????? (substitutes), ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???. ?????? ??? ???? ?????.
- ??? ???? ??? ?????? (code flag & answering pendant), ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ????.
- 18 ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????. 9 ??? ????? ????? ???? ????, 4 ??? ????? ?????, 3 ??? ????? ????, 1 ??? ????? ????? ????-????? ?-1 ??? ????? ????? ???? ????.
A
|
????
Alpha
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/ICS_Alfa.svg/75px-ICS_Alfa.svg.png) |
??
????
????? - ????? ???? ?? ???????.
|
B
|
?????
Bravo
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/ICS_Bravo.svg/75px-ICS_Bravo.svg.png) |
??? ????, ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????.
|
C
|
?'????
Charlie
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/ICS_Charlie.svg/75px-ICS_Charlie.svg.png) |
?? (?????).
|
D
|
????
Delta
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/ICS_Delta.svg/75px-ICS_Delta.svg.png) |
????? ????, ??? ????? ?????.
|
E
|
???
Echo
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/ICS_Echo.svg/75px-ICS_Echo.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????? ?????.
|
F
|
????????
Foxtrot
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICS_Foxtrot.svg/75px-ICS_Foxtrot.svg.png) |
???? ???? ???? - ??? ???? ???.
|
G
|
????
Golf
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/ICS_Golf.svg/75px-ICS_Golf.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????; ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???, ??????? ???: "??? ???? ?????".
|
H
|
????
Hotel
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/ICS_Hotel.svg/75px-ICS_Hotel.svg.png) |
?? ??? ???????.
|
I
|
??????
India
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/ICS_India.svg/75px-ICS_India.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????? ?????.
|
J
|
?'?????
Juliet
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/ICS_Juliett.svg/75px-ICS_Juliett.svg.png) |
????? ????. ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????.
|
K
|
????
Kilo
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICS_Kilo.svg/75px-ICS_Kilo.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????? ???? ???.
|
L
|
????
Lima
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/ICS_Lima.svg/75px-ICS_Lima.svg.png) |
???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???.
|
M
|
????
Mike
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/ICS_Mike.svg/75px-ICS_Mike.svg.png) |
??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????.
|
N
|
??????
November
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/ICS_November.svg/75px-ICS_November.svg.png) |
?? (?????).
|
O
|
?????
Oscar
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/ICS_Oscar.svg/75px-ICS_Oscar.svg.png) |
??? ??? (??? ??? ???).
|
P
|
????
Papa
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/ICS_Papa.svg/75px-ICS_Papa.svg.png) |
???? ???? ????, ???? Blue Petter ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????. ???, ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???, ?????: "?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??-???".
|
Q
|
??????
Quebec
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/ICS_Quebec.svg/75px-ICS_Quebec.svg.png) |
?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????.
|
R
|
??????
Romeo
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/ICS_Romeo.svg/75px-ICS_Romeo.svg.png) |
???? ???? ?????? ??.
|
S
|
?????
Sierra
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/ICS_Sierra.svg/75px-ICS_Sierra.svg.png) |
??????? ?????? ?????.
|
T
|
????
Tango
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/ICS_Tango.svg/75px-ICS_Tango.svg.png) |
???? ???? ????, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????.
|
U
|
????????
Uniform
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/ICS_Uniform.svg/75px-ICS_Uniform.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????? ?????.
|
V
|
??????
Victor
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/ICS_Victor.svg/75px-ICS_Victor.svg.png) |
??? ???? ?????.
|
W
|
??????
Whiskey
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ICS_Whiskey.svg/75px-ICS_Whiskey.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????? ??????.
|
X
|
??? ???
X-ray
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/ICS_X-ray.svg/75px-ICS_X-ray.svg.png) |
???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????.
|
Y
|
????
Yankee
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/ICS_Yankee.svg/75px-ICS_Yankee.svg.png) |
??? ???? ?? ?
????
???.
|
Z
|
????
Zulu
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/ICS_Zulu.svg/75px-ICS_Zulu.svg.png) |
??? ???? ?
?????
. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???, ???????: "??? ???? ?????".
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ICS_Zero.svg/75px-ICS_Zero.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/ICS_One.svg/75px-ICS_One.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/ICS_Two.svg/75px-ICS_Two.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/ICS_Three.svg/75px-ICS_Three.svg.png) |
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ICS_Pennant_Zero.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Zero.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/ICS_Pennant_One.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_One.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/ICS_Pennant_Two.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Two.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/ICS_Pennant_Three.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Three.svg.png) |
|
???
|
???
|
?????
|
????
|
????
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
9
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/ICS_Five.svg/75px-ICS_Five.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/ICS_Six.svg/75px-ICS_Six.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/ICS_Seven.svg/75px-ICS_Seven.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/ICS_Eight.svg/75px-ICS_Eight.svg.png) |
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/ICS_Pennant_Five.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Five.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/ICS_Pennant_Six.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Six.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ICS_Pennant_Seven.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Seven.svg.png) |
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/ICS_Pennant_Eight.svg/75px-ICS_Pennant_Eight.svg.png) |
|
???
|
??
|
???
|
?????
|
???
|
????? ?????
|
????? ???
|
????? ?????
|
????? ?????
|
|
|
|
|
?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???, ?????, ????? ?? ?????.
- ??? ???
- ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????.
- ??????: ???
O
??????? "??? ???".
- ????? ?? ??? ?????
- ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????.
- ??????: ????? ??????
AM
??????? "??? ?? ???? ????????".
- ????? ?? ????? ?????
- ????? ??????? ?????.
- ??????: ????? ??????
EL 1
??????? "??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????"
- ????? ?? ????? ?????
- ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? A, ??????? ??????
??? ?????
?? ?????? (Identity Signal); ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? A, ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???????.
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/ICS_Prompt.svg/75px-ICS_Prompt.svg.png) |
????? ?? ???? ?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ICS_Prepare.svg/75px-ICS_Prepare.svg.png) |
????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/ICS_Question.svg/75px-ICS_Question.svg.png) |
???? ?? ????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/ICS_Negative.svg/75px-ICS_Negative.svg.png) |
????? (??).
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ICS_Designation.svg/75px-ICS_Designation.svg.png) |
?? ?? ????? ??????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/ICS_Corpen.svg/75px-ICS_Corpen.svg.png) |
??? ???? ????? ?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/ICS_Turn.svg/75px-ICS_Turn.svg.png) |
????? ??????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/ICS_Screen.svg/75px-ICS_Screen.svg.png) |
????? ?? ?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/ICS_Speed.svg/75px-ICS_Speed.svg.png) |
????? ??????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/ICS_Station.svg/75px-ICS_Station.svg.png) |
???? ??????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/ICS_Port.svg/75px-ICS_Port.svg.png) |
???? ????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/ICS_Starboard.svg/75px-ICS_Starboard.svg.png) |
??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/ICS_Formation.svg/75px-ICS_Formation.svg.png) |
????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/ICS_Division.svg/75px-ICS_Division.svg.png) |
?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/ICS_Squadron.svg/75px-ICS_Squadron.svg.png) |
?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/ICS_Group.svg/75px-ICS_Group.svg.png) |
?????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ICS_Subdivision.svg/75px-ICS_Subdivision.svg.png) |
??? ???????.
|
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ICS_Emergency.svg/75px-ICS_Emergency.svg.png) |
??? ?????.
|
- IMO,
International Code of Signals
. London, 1987
- ?? ????
??? ???
,
??????
. ????, ????? ???? ???? ??????, 1953.