???? ????????, ???????????? ???????
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(?
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:
International Code Flags
) ?? ?????
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??? ?????? ?????????
(International Code of Signals), ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? (BOT) ?-
1857
, ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????. ?? ????, ????? ??????? ???????? ??????????, ????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????????.
??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??
??????? ??????
.
????? ???? ???? ?????? ?-59 ????? ??????:
- 26 ?????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????"? ?????? ??? ????? ????? (alphabetical flags). ????? ???? ????, ???? ?????? A ?-B, ?????? ???? ????.
- 10 ????? ??????? ?? ?????? 0 ?? 9 (numeral pennants), ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????.
- 4 ????? ??????? (substitutes), ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???. ?????? ??? ???? ?????.
- ??? ???? ??? ?????? (code flag & answering pendant), ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ???? ????.
- 18 ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????. 9 ??? ????? ????? ???? ????, 4 ??? ????? ?????, 3 ??? ????? ????, 1 ??? ????? ????? ????-????? ?-1 ??? ????? ????? ???? ????.
A
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????
Alpha
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??
????
????? - ????? ???? ?? ???????.
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B
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?????
Bravo
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??? ????, ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????.
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C
|
?'????
Charlie
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?? (?????).
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D
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????
Delta
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????? ????, ??? ????? ?????.
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E
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???
Echo
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??? ???? ????? ?????.
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F
|
????????
Foxtrot
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???? ???? ???? - ??? ???? ???.
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G
|
????
Golf
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|
??? ???? ????; ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???, ??????? ???: "??? ???? ?????".
|
H
|
????
Hotel
|
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?? ??? ???????.
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I
|
??????
India
|
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??? ???? ????? ?????.
|
J
|
?'?????
Juliet
|
|
????? ????. ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????.
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K
|
????
Kilo
|
|
??? ???? ????? ???? ???.
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L
|
????
Lima
|
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???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???.
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M
|
????
Mike
|
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??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????.
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N
|
??????
November
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?? (?????).
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O
|
?????
Oscar
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??? ??? (??? ??? ???).
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P
|
????
Papa
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???? ???? ????, ???? Blue Petter ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????. ???, ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???, ?????: "?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??-???".
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Q
|
??????
Quebec
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?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????.
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R
|
??????
Romeo
|
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???? ???? ?????? ??.
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S
|
?????
Sierra
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??????? ?????? ?????.
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T
|
????
Tango
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???? ???? ????, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????.
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U
|
????????
Uniform
|
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??? ???? ????? ?????.
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V
|
??????
Victor
|
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??? ???? ?????.
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W
|
??????
Whiskey
|
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??? ???? ????? ??????.
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X
|
??? ???
X-ray
|
|
???? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????.
|
Y
|
????
Yankee
|
|
??? ???? ?? ?
????
???.
|
Z
|
????
Zulu
|
|
??? ???? ?
?????
. ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???, ???????: "??? ???? ?????".
|
0
|
1
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2
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3
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4
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|
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|
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???
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???
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?????
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????
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????
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5
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6
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7
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8
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9
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|
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|
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|
|
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???
|
??
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???
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?????
|
???
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????? ?????
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????? ???
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????? ?????
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????? ?????
|
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?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???, ?????, ????? ?? ?????.
- ??? ???
- ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????.
- ??????: ???
O
??????? "??? ???".
- ????? ?? ??? ?????
- ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ??? ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????.
- ??????: ????? ??????
AM
??????? "??? ?? ???? ????????".
- ????? ?? ????? ?????
- ????? ??????? ?????.
- ??????: ????? ??????
EL 1
??????? "??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????"
- ????? ?? ????? ?????
- ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? A, ??????? ??????
??? ?????
?? ?????? (Identity Signal); ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? A, ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???????.
|
????? ?? ???? ?????.
|
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????.
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???? ?? ????.
|
|
????? (??).
|
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?? ?? ????? ??????.
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??? ???? ????? ?????.
|
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????? ??????.
|
|
????? ?? ?????.
|
|
????? ??????.
|
|
???? ??????.
|
|
???? ????.
|
|
??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????.
|
|
????.
|
|
?????.
|
|
?????.
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|
?????.
|
|
??? ???????.
|
|
??? ?????.
|
- IMO,
International Code of Signals
. London, 1987
- ?? ????
??? ???
,
??????
. ????, ????? ???? ???? ??????, 1953.