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?????????? ( Guernica ) ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? , ?????? ???? 1937 . ?????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ?- 26 ?????? 1937 , ???? ????? ??????? ????? , ?? ??? ? ????? , ????? ????? ?-1,600 ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? (1937) .

????, ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ????? ? ????? .

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

"??????" ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????-??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? . ?????? ??? ?????? ????-??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????.

?????? ?????? ?????? " ?????? ????? " ( ??' ) ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? , ^[1] ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? (Palazzo Abatellis) ????.

?????? ?????? ????? ??????? "??????" ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????. ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????, ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????, ?? ?????? ??? ???? - ??? ?????? ????? ??????. ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????, ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??????: ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????' , ????? ?????? ?????????.

????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????; ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????. ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?" ????? "; ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ? ??? ???? ; ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????; ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? "?????? ???? 1808 " ( ??' ) , ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????. ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????, ???? ??????? ????????, ???? ?????? ????? ????. ??????? ?????? ???????, ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????, ????? ????? ??????, ??? ??????? ???, ?????? ???? ?? ????.

?????? ????? ?????, ??? ?????? ???, ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????: ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????, ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????.

????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????. ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??. ?????? ?????? ???????'. ?? ??????? ????????, ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???????.

"??????" ????? ???? ????? ???? ???:

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????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????. ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???.
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??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??.

?? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? , ?? ?????? - Bombilla, ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? Bomb - ???? .

???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? "??? ??? ???? ?? ???" ??????? ???: "??? ?? ????? ?? ??, ?? ?? ??? ?????". ^[2]

?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ? 1981. ^[3]

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" ?????? ????? "

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?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ???? ??? ?????? .
?????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)

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^ ???? ??? , ?????? ???? ????
^ ???: Books ? Guernica: The Biography of a 20th Century Icon by Gijs van Hensbergen as reviewed by Tom Lubbock in The Guardian , 8 January 2005
^ ????? ??????, ?????, ???? ????? ????? ??????? , 2022, ??' 225

[1] ???? ??? , ?????? ???? ????

[2] ???: Books ? Guernica: The Biography of a 20th Century Icon by Gijs van Hensbergen as reviewed by Tom Lubbock in The Guardian , 8 January 2005

[3] ????? ??????, ?????, ???? ????? ????? ??????? , 2022, ??' 225

[1]

[2]

[3]

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