?? ???? ????????
??
?? ???? ???????
(?
??????
:
royal consort
) ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??
???? ?? ?????
???????. ???? ???? ??
???? ?????? ?????? ???????
???????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ?????
???? ????
????? ?????
???? ?????
(
Queen regnant
)
. ????? "???? ?? ???"
(
Prince consort
)
????? ?????
???
. ???
????? ??????
?? ??????? ?-
1707
????? ?????? 11 ??? ????? ??? ????????, ????? ???? ?????? ?????.
????? ?????
, ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? 99 ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? 70 ???. ?????,
??????, ????? ???
, ?????? ???? 101, ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????????, ?? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????, ??? ????,
???? ?'???' ?????
, ???? 50 ??? ?????.
???? ???? ?? ????? ?????, ?-
9 ??????
2021
, ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??
????? ?????? ??????
?-
8 ???????
2022
.
????? ?????
???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????,
?'???? ??????
.
[1]
???
????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?-1707
, ??? 11 ???? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???????. ??? ?????
1727
?
1814
?? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????
????? ????? ?? ?????
. ???? ??? ???
1837
?????? ????? ??????? ????? "???? ?????", ??? ?????? ???
???? ?????
.
?????? ????????
?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?-1837 ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??
????? ????????
, ??? ???? ?????? (
???? ?????
) ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????. ????????, ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???????, ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? 2013
(
Succession to the Crown Act 2013
)
, ????? ??
????? ??? ?????
.
[2]
?
????? ??????????????
?-
1866
, ????? ????? ?
????? ??????
????? ?
?????????? ?????
.
[3]
????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? "??? ?????? ?????" (Her Majesty The Queen), ?? "??? ??????, ????? [?? ????]", ??????? ???? ??? "??? ??????" (Her Majesty) ?? "??? ??????" (Your Majesty, ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????). ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??
?'???? ??????
, ????
?????
?????,
[4]
?? ????? ??? "????? ??????" (The Queen Consort). ???
??????
, ????? ????? ??? "??? ?????? ?????" (Her Majesty The Queen).
[5]
????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???????, ?? ???? ???. ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????.
?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????, ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????. ????? ??? ????:
- ????? ????????, ?????? ???????????-???
, ?????? ??
???? ???????????-???????
(????? ???? ?'???' ??????), ????? ?? ?-
22 ???????
1682
, ?????? ???? ?-
28 ??????
1694
, ?????? ?-
13 ???????
1726
. ?'???' ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?-
1 ???????
1714
.
- ??????? ????????????-?????????
,
?????
?????
?'???' ??????
??? ?????? ??? ??????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ????, ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????, ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????.
[6]
- ????? ???????
, ?????? ??
??????, ???? ???????
(???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????), ????? ?? ?-
3 ?????
1937
, ???? ??? ????
?????? ?? ????
?-
11 ??????
1936
, ??? ??????? ???? ?-
28 ????
1972
, ?????? ?-
24 ??????
1986
.
- ????? ????? ?????
, ?????? ??
?'????, ???? ?????
(????? ???? ?'???? ??????),
????? ??
?-
29 ?????
1981
, ?????? ???? ?-
28 ???????
1996
, ?
????? ??????
?-
31 ???????
1997
. ?'???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? 25 ???? ???? ???.
?? ?'???' ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????.
???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????.
- ????? ?'???' ??????
, ???? ??
????? ??
, ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????, ?? ?-
1869
, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?-
1702
, ????? ?? ???? ??????
???? ???????
.
- ?????, ???? ????-??????-????
, ?? ???? ??
????? ????????
, ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????, ?? ?-
1857
????? ?? ????? "???? ?? ???"
(
Prince consort
)
, ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????. ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ??
????? ???????
?? ????? ???.
- ?
???? ????? ????? ??????
, ?? ???? ??
????? ?????? ??????
, ????? ?-
1947
, ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????, ?????
???? ????????
, ??-
1957
??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? (Prince of the United Kingdom).
?'???? ??????
??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????,
?????? ??????
.
???? ????
??? ???
??????, ???? ?????
, ???????,
?????, ????? ?????
, ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????.
????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
| ?????
|
??
|
??? ??????
|
????
(?????)
|
???????
|
????? ?????
(??????)
|
?????
|
???? ????? (??????)
|
????
(????)
|
???? ?????
|
??? ?????
|
?? ?? ?? ????
|
|
????? ?'???', ???? ???????
|
|
2 ??????
1653
(
?????? ??????, ??? ?????
????? ????? ????????????-???????
)
|
28 ?????
1683
|
1 ????
1707
(?????
????? ??????? ??????
. ???? ??? ?? ???? ??
???? ??????
?
???? ???????
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?-
8 ????
1702
)
|
?? ?????
|
28 ????????
1708
(55)
|
???? ?????????
|
??? ?-180 ???
|
??
|
|
???????, ?????? ?????????-?????
|
|
1 ????
1683
(
????? ???????, ????? ?????????-?????
????????, ????? ???????-??????
)
|
22 ???????
1705
|
11 ?????
1727
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
11 ????????
1727
|
20 ???????
1737
(54)
|
???? ?????????
|
10 ???? ?-162 ???
|
?'???' ????
|
|
?????? ?????????-??????
|
|
19 ????
1744
(
????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????, ???? ?????
?????? ????????, ????? ???????-?????????????
)
|
8 ???????
1761
|
8 ???????
1761
(??????? ??????)
|
22 ???????
1761
|
17 ???????
1818
(74)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
|
57 ???? ?-70 ???
|
?'???' ??????
|
|
??????? ????????????-?????????
|
|
17 ????
1768
(
??? ?????? ???????, ???? ???????????-?????????
???????, ????? ???????
)
|
8 ??????
1795
|
29 ??????
1820
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
?? ??????
|
7 ???????
1821
(53)
|
?????? ???????????
|
??? ?-190 ???
|
?'???' ??????
|
|
???????, ????? ???????-????????
|
|
13 ???????
1792
(
????? ??????, ???? ???????-????????
?????? ????????, ????? ????????-????????
)
|
13 ?????
1818
|
26 ?????
1830
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
8 ???????
1831
|
20 ?????
1837
(??? ?? ????)
|
2 ??????
1849
(56)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
|
6 ???? ?-359 ???
|
?????? ??????
|
|
?????, ???? ????-??????-????
|
|
26 ???????
1819
(
????? ??????, ???? ???????-??????-????
??????, ????? ???????-????-????????
)
|
10 ???????
1840
|
10 ???????
1840
(??????? ????????)
|
?? ?????
|
14 ??????
1861
(42)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
????? ??? ????????? ???????
|
21 ???? ?-307 ????
|
????????
|
|
????????, ????? ?????
|
|
1 ??????
1844
(
???????? ??????, ??? ?????
??????, ????? ???-????
)
|
10 ????
1863
|
22 ??????
1901
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
9 ???????
1902
|
6 ????
1910
(??? ?? ????)
|
20 ???????
1925
(80)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
|
9 ???? ?-104 ????
|
?????? ??????
|
|
??? ???
|
|
26 ????
1867
(
??????, ???? ??
?????? ??? ?????? ??????????'
)
|
6 ?????
1893
|
6 ????
1910
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
22 ?????
1911
|
20 ??????
1936
(??? ?? ????)
|
24 ????
1953
(85)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
|
25 ???? ?-259 ????
|
?'???' ??????
|
|
??????, ????? ???
|
|
4 ???????
1900
(
???? ?'???' ????-????, ???? ???????? ????????? ??????-???
?????? ????-????, ????? ???????? ?????????
)
|
26 ??????
1923
|
11 ??????
1936
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
12 ????
1937
|
6 ???????
1952
(??? ?? ????)
|
30 ????
2002
(101)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
|
15 ????? ?-57 ????
|
?'???' ?????
|
|
????? ?????, ???? ????????
|
|
10 ?????
1921
(
??????, ???? ???? ??????
????, ????? ???????
)
|
20 ???????
1947
|
6 ???????
1952
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
?? ?????
|
9 ??????
2021
(99)
|
???? ?'???' ?????
|
69 ???? ?-62 ???
|
?????? ??????
|
|
?????, ???? ?????? ???????
|
|
17 ?????
1947
(???? ???
??????? ???)
|
9 ??????
2005
|
8 ???????
2022
(????? ?? ???? ??? ??????)
|
6 ????
2023
|
?????
(76 ???? ?-323 ????)
|
|
1 ??? ?-270 ????
|
?'???? ??????
|