??? ????? ???????

??? ????? ???????
Paravur Synagogue
????? ????????
	??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? 2011
	??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? 2011
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?????	????? ????? ???'??
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????? ??????	1615 ?????? ? 1988
????? ???????	???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????
???????????	10°10′48″N 76°12′37″E / 10.179924784595933°N 76.21021158868692°E
	????? ??? ?????

??? ????? ???????????? , (? ?????? : Paravur Synagogue ; ???? ???????? : ????? ???????? ) ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ???? . ^[1] ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ( ??' ) (Paravur)‏. ^[2] ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???'?? , ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? 1615 ??????, ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????, ???? ??????? ???? ???? 750 ?????? ?? 1105 ??????. ^[3] ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? . ???? ???? 2022 ??? ???? ???? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ????.

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ????? ???'??

????? ???'?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? (??? ?????? ????? "????? ??????" ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????) ????? ?????. ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ( ??' ) ?? ???? (?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? Muziris ) ?????? ( ??' ) . ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?'?? ( ??' ) ???????? ??? ?'???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????. ^[4]^[5]

?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ( ??' ) ????? ?-10 ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ( ??' ) . ^[5]^[6]

???? ?-14 ??????, ???? ???? ????? ???? 1341 ????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????, ?? ?? ???? ??????, ^[2] ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????, ?'???????? ( ??' ) ? ???'? . ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ? ??????? ??????? . ^[7]^[8]^[9]

??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ^[10] ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? 1615 ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? 1165 ??????. ^[6]

??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???'?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ????????. ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? (?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?-18) ????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?-16 ??-17. ^[10] ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????, ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? 1662, ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????????, ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???'?. ^[11]

???? ???? ????? ????? ?-1948, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????. ^[2] ???? ???? 1949, ????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???????. ^[10] ????? ?-70, ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????. ^[10] ???? 1988 ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????. ^[6]

?? ?? ???"? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? (ISJM), ????? ??????? ????? ????? (???? ???? ???? ) ?????? ?????? ???? 1995 ??????? ??. ^[6]

??????? ????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1996, ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????, ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? 2009. ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ????. ^[6] ???? 2010, ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ( ??' ) ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????. ^[12] ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? 2014. ^[13]^[14]

?????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????, ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ( ??' ) . ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ^[11]^[12]

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? , ??????? ????, ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? .

???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 1616, ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????????, ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ^[2]^[10]

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ??????????

india Paravur Synagogue - Kerala , ????? ????? "Michael Grobman", ???? ?????? (????: 02:07)
Paravur Jewish Synagogue Paravur Kerala - Paravur Synagogue Muziris Heritage Site of Kerala , Just Kerala, ‏2 ??????? 2013
??? ????? ???????, ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ #talk_media Paravur Jewish Synagogue , ???? ?- 2022-08-09
^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Shalva Weil (2010-07-16). "A revival of Jewish heritage on the Indian tourism trail" . The Jerusalem Post (JPost.com) . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ "The Synagogues of Kerala" . cochinsyn.com . ???? ?- 2021-09-28 .
^ Anandan, S.; Anandan, S. (2013-12-02). "On display, the history of Malabar Jews" . The Hindu (?Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ ¹ ² "Steeped in Jewish history: The Kerala relics Modi gifted to Netanyahu on his maiden Israel visit" . The News Minute . 2017-07-05 . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Srivathsan, A (2010-03-16). "Paravur synagogue to be restored" . The Hindu (?Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ Weil, Shalva (2009-11-01). "The Place of Alwaye in Modern Cochin Jewish History". Journal of Modern Jewish Studies . 8 (3): 319?335. doi : 10.1080/14725880903263044 . ISSN 1472-5886 .
^ Pradeep, P (2003-05-26). "Jewish songs in Malayalam" . The Hindu . ????? ?- ????? ?-2003-06-27 . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ Gamliel, Ophira (2009). PhD Thesis: Jewish Malayalam Women's Songs (PDF) (???????). Hebrew University. ????? ?- ????? (PDF) ?- 26 ???? 2017 . ???? ?- 14 ?????? 2017 . {{ cite book }}: ( ???? )
^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Waronker, Jay A. "Kerala - Parur Synagogue" . indianjews.org (??????? ??????) . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ ¹ ² Waronker, Jay A. "The Synagogues of Kerala" . cochinsyn.com . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ ¹ ² "Kerala Jews Historical Museum at Paravur Synagogue | Museums at Muziris Heritage Project" . www.muzirisheritage.org . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ Staff Reporter (2014-03-04). "Museums opened as part of Muziris project" . The Hindu (?Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .
^ Jain, Mahima A (2014-11-27). "Kerala's 3,000-year-old history gets four new homes" . The Hindu Business Line (???????) . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[1] #talk_media Paravur Jewish Synagogue , ???? ?- 2022-08-09

[jpost_parur_syn-2] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Shalva Weil (2010-07-16). "A revival of Jewish heritage on the Indian tourism trail" . The Jerusalem Post (JPost.com) . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[3] "The Synagogues of Kerala" . cochinsyn.com . ???? ?- 2021-09-28 .

[4] Anandan, S.; Anandan, S. (2013-12-02). "On display, the history of Malabar Jews" . The Hindu (?Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[newsminute_modi_gifts_2017-5] ¹ ² "Steeped in Jewish history: The Kerala relics Modi gifted to Netanyahu on his maiden Israel visit" . The News Minute . 2017-07-05 . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[thehindu_paravur_restore_2010-6] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Srivathsan, A (2010-03-16). "Paravur synagogue to be restored" . The Hindu (?Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[journal_alwaye_jews-7] Weil, Shalva (2009-11-01). "The Place of Alwaye in Modern Cochin Jewish History". Journal of Modern Jewish Studies . 8 (3): 319?335. doi : 10.1080/14725880903263044 . ISSN 1472-5886 .

[8] Pradeep, P (2003-05-26). "Jewish songs in Malayalam" . The Hindu . ????? ?- ????? ?-2003-06-27 . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[jewish_mal_songs_thesis_2009-9] Gamliel, Ophira (2009). PhD Thesis: Jewish Malayalam Women's Songs (PDF) (???????). Hebrew University. ????? ?- ????? (PDF) ?- 26 ???? 2017 . ???? ?- 14 ?????? 2017 . {{ cite book }}: ( ???? )

[indianjews_org_parur-10] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ Waronker, Jay A. "Kerala - Parur Synagogue" . indianjews.org (??????? ??????) . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[cochinsyn_parur-11] ¹ ² Waronker, Jay A. "The Synagogues of Kerala" . cochinsyn.com . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[muzirisheritage_paravur-12] ¹ ² "Kerala Jews Historical Museum at Paravur Synagogue | Museums at Muziris Heritage Project" . www.muzirisheritage.org . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[thehindu_musuems_open_2014-13] Staff Reporter (2014-03-04). "Museums opened as part of Muziris project" . The Hindu (?Indian English). ISSN 0971-751X . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

[businessline_musuems_open_2014-14] Jain, Mahima A (2014-11-27). "Kerala's 3,000-year-old history gets four new homes" . The Hindu Business Line (???????) . ???? ?- 2017-12-14 .

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