?? ???? ??? ?? : ???? ????? ????? ???? ???, ???? ????? ???? ????.
	?? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ????, ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? . ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??, ????? ??? ? ?? ????? ??? . ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????.	?????

????? ?????? (? ?????? : Nuclear fission ) ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? . ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???, ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??? .

?????? ???????, ??, ???? ????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? , ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???????, ??? ???? ???? , ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????? .

????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ? ?????????? (? ???????? ?? ????????? ) ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????, ???? ??????? , ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??2 ??????? . ???, ????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ??????. ???????? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????, ??? ???????. ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? , ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? , ???? ????? ?? ? ??????? ????? ?4. ???? ??????, ??????? ???????? ????? ??????, ???????? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? (??????? "????? ?????") ?????? ?????????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? .

??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????, ?????? (?? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? - E=mc² ) ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????. ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?? ????? ?? ??200 MeV , ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? (????? ??????? ???????). ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????, ??? ????? ???.

????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????. ???????? ???? ??????, ????? ???? ???????? ???, ??? ???? ??? ???? ????, ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ? ??? ????? . ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????, ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????, ??? ????. ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? .

???? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????????? ????? ???? (????? ? ????? ) ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????. ???? ???? ????, ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????. ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? , ??? ???? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? .

?? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????. ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????, ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????.

????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? (??????? ???? ????) ???? ????????? ??????, ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?? ? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????, ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

????????? ?????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ????, ? ???? ??? ?? ????. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ????????235 . ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????????239 ??????? ????? ??????? ? ????????238 , ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? 233 , ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????.

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ????, ? ??????? 235 ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? 135, ??? ??? ???? ??????? 95. ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????, ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????.

??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??:

${\displaystyle \ ^{235}U+^{1}n\rightarrow ^{236}U^{*}\rightarrow ^{92}Kr+^{141}Ba+3^{1}n}$

${\displaystyle \ ^{235}U+^{1}n\rightarrow ^{236}U^{*}\rightarrow ^{90}Kr+^{144}Ba+2^{1}n}$

${\displaystyle \ ^{235}U+^{1}n\rightarrow ^{236}U^{*}\rightarrow ^{90}Rb+^{143}Cs+3^{1}n}$

${\displaystyle \ ^{239}Pu+^{1}n\rightarrow ^{240}Pu^{*}\rightarrow ^{94}Sr+^{144}Ba+2_{0}^{1}n}$

????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????, ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????????. ???? ??, ????? ?????? ?? ?????????, ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????, ???? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????, ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ???? ???????? . ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? (?? ?? ???? ????), ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????.

????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? , ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? , ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? (??? ???? ? ???? ?'?????? ), ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????.

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ???? ??30 ?? ???? ??20 ???? ?????? ????? (????? ?????? ???? , ???? ? ?????? ?'????????? ) ???? ??????? ?? "?????" ??????? ??????????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??93 (????? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ????). ????? ??????? ??? ?????, ??????? ???????? ?????? ?"?????" ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?????, ?? ???? ???? ????? ??93, ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? , ???? ???? , ???? , ??????? , ???? ??????. ?????? ??? ???? ??????, ????????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????, ??? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????.

????? 1937 ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ? ???? ?????? . ?? ???? ??????, ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? . ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? , ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? , ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????, ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????. ???? ??? ?? ????? fission process ("????? ?????") ?????? ????? Binary fission (?????? ????? ) ????? ??????? ???? ??????????? .

?? ???? ?????? ????? ? ????? ????? - ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? , ???? ???? ???? ?????? ? ????????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????. ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? , ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????, ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????.

?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????, ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? (????? ???? ??? ?????? ) ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? (????? ?????? ???? ???? ). ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? , ??? ??? ????? ?? ????????: ?? 1942 ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ??? 16 ????? 1945 ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????, ?????? " ????? ??????? ". ???? ????? ???? ???, ?? 6 ??????? 1945, ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????, ??????? ?????? " ??? ??? " ????? ?? ???? ???????? ? ??? .

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? - ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??"? ???? ?? ???? ?????, ????? ??? ????? ?"? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? , ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? TNT . ???? ??, ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????, ???? ????? ???????? ??????, ?? ?????? ????? ( ???? ???? ) ??? ?????? ???? ( ??? ?????? ).

???? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????, ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? : ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? , ???? ?? ???? , ?????????, ?????? ? ??? ?? ? ??? , ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????. ???, ????? ??????? ????? ???, ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????: ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ? ?'?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????, ??? ?????? ???????????? ????, ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????: ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ??? ????????? ??????, ??? ???????? ????????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? . ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????.

???? 1993 ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????, ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? . ???? ??? ???? ??, ?????? ???? ?????? , ????? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ??????. ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????. ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? " ???? ??????? ".

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

• ????? ??????

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??? ????????
??? ?????? ???????????: ???? ??????
?????? ????? ???????????: ????? ??????

• Nuclear Fission ????? HyperPhysics ?? ?????????? ????? ?'???'?? (???????)
• ??? ????, ????? ?????? , ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? , 18 ?????? 2011
• science/fission-physics ????? ?????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
• ????? ?????? , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????