??????? ?????? ???, ??? ????

??????? ?????? ???, ??? ????
Alfonso XIII de Espana
	??????? ?????? ???, ??? ????
????	17 ???? 1886 ; ????? , ????? ????
?????	28 ??????? 1941 (???? 54) ; ???? , ????? ??????
?? ???	??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ??? ????
?? ????	Alfonso Leon Fernando Maria Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbon y Austria-Lorena
?????	????
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?? ???	???????? ????????????, ????? ??????
????? ??? ??????
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???? ????	???? ????? ??????, ??? ????
	17 ???? 1886 ? 14 ?????? 1931 ; (44 ????)
	→ ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ←
????? ??????
	?????? ???????? ????????????? ( 1905 ) ; illustrious son ; ??? ???? ??????? ; ???? ????? ???? ( 1925 ) ; ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ( 1925 ) ; ???? ?????? ; ???? ?????? ?????? ; ???? ????? ???? ???? ; ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ; ???? ??????? ; ??? ????? ?????? ; ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ; ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ; ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ; ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ; ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ; ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ; ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ; ????? ?????? ????? ; ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ;
?????

??????? ?????? ???, ??? ???? (? ?????? : Alfonso XIII de Espana ;‏ 17 ???? 1886 ? 28 ??????? 1941 ) ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? 1886? 1931 .

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ? ????? , ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????, ???? ????? ??????? ?????-??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? . ??? ?? ???????, ???? ????????, ?????????? ??????? , ??? ?? ??? ???????, ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ????????, ?????????? ??????? , ???? ????? ? ????? ?? 1902 (????? ????? ???, ????? ????? ??? ???, ?????, ????? ???????? ).

?- 31 ???? 1906 ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? . ?????? ???????, ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ? ?? ????? . ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????????, ?? 24 ??? ??? ?????. ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? (??? ??? ???? ??). ??? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????????.

???? ????? ????? ??????? , ?????? ??? ????? ???????? , ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????.

???? 1923 ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????. ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ? ??? ????? . ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? 1930 . ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????.

?- 12 ?????? 1931 ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????, ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????. ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ? ??? ???? ???????? . ???? ???????, ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ???? ??????. ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???. ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????, ????? ?? ???, ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????, ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????, ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ^[1].

???? ?????? ????? ? ???? , ?- 14 ?????? 1931 ???? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ^[2]. ???? 1936 ?? ??????? ?????, ???? ?? ????? , ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???????????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ??????? . ?????, ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????.

???? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ? ????? , ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ? ???? . ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??. ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? 1975 , ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????, ???? ????? ?????? . ???? 1980 ?????? ????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?- 31 ???? 1906 ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????, ????? ?????? , ??? ?? ????, ???? ?????? ? ???????, ????? ?????? ??????? , ??? ?? ????????, ???? ?????? ??????? , ???? ????? ?? 7 ?????:

???????, ???? ???????? ( 1907 ? 1938 )
???????? ?????, ???? ?????? ( 1908 ? 1975 )
??????, ????? ???? ( 1909 ? 2002 ), ?????? ?? ???????? ????????, ???? ????????-??? ??????
??????, ???? ???? ( 1910 )
???? ????????, ????? ???? ( 1911 ? 1996 ), ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????-???????, ???? ?????? ??????
????, ???? ??????? ( 1913 ? 1993 ), ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????, ??? ????
???????, ???? ???? ( 1914 ? 1934 )

???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????

?????? ??????, ????? ??? ?????????

?????? ??????, ??? ????

???? ????????, ????? ??? ?????????

????????? ???, ???? ???

???????, ????? ????-????????

????????? ????, ????? ???????

???? ????????, ?????? ????????

????????, ???? ?????

?????? ??????, ???? ????

??? ???????, ???????? ???????

?????? ????????, ?????????? ???????

??????? ????? ???, ??? ????

???? ????????, ?????????? ???????

??????? ?????? ???, ??? ????

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ?????? ???, ??? ???? , ???? " Find a Grave " (???????)
??????? ?????? ???, ??? ???? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
??????? ?-13, (1886-1941), ??? ???? , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????
??????? ?????? ???, ??? ???? , ???? ??????? ?????????? IMDb (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Modern Spain: A Documentary History , Jon Cowans , ???? 132
^ Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War , Robert Alexander , ???? 104

[1] Modern Spain: A Documentary History , Jon Cowans , ???? 132

[2] Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War , Robert Alexander , ???? 104

[1]

[2]

???? ????
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