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???????? ??????? ????? ????? ? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?-15 ??? ???? ???? ?-16 ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???. ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ??? , ????? ?? ????? ???? ? ???? ?-11 . ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ? ???'? , ??????? ???'? ? ??????? ???? . ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? 800 ????. ?- 1340 ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? , ?????? ?? ???????. ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ? ???? . ?- 1591 ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??-????? ???? ???????.

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Hunwick, John, Timbuktu & the Songhay Empire: Al-Sa'Di's Ta'Rikh Al-Sudan Down to 1613 and Other Contemporary Documents , Leiden: Brill, 1988.

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African Kingdoms has a section about the Songhai Empire
The Story of Africa: Songhay ? BBC World Service
Askiyah's Questions and al-Maghili's Answers is an essay about the rule of the Songhai Empire from the 15th century.

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