???? (???? ?????)

? ???? ????????? , ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ? ???? . ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????.

???????? ???? 1958 ?? ???? ?'??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? :

??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????????: ?? ???? ???? ????? , ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?'??? ??????? , ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????, ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? . ??? ???? ??????; ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????, ??? ??, ???? ????, ???? ?????? ??? ?????????. ^[1]

???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??

?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????, ?? ?????? ? ?????? ???? ?????? , ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? (?????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???). ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???. ^[2]

????????? I ????? ?????? ?'??? ???? 1977, ??? II, ???? 50 ? "????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????" ? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????. ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????, ????? ??? ?? ?????. ???? 51 ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? III ?? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? 8(2)(?)(?) ? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????: ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????. ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? I ?? ?? ???? ????, ??? ????? ? ????? ????? , ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????.

??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????, ???:

?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? , ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????, ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????,
?????? ????? ? ???? , ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????,
????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????-?????, ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???,
?????? ? ????? ?????? - ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????, ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??????.

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ???? ? ??????????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Jean Pictet (ed.) ? Commentary on Geneva Convention IV Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1958) , p. 51. 1994 reprint edition.
^ The relevance of IHL in the context of terrorism , ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? 21 ????? 2005.

[1] Jean Pictet (ed.) ? Commentary on Geneva Convention IV Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1958) , p. 51. 1994 reprint edition.

[2] The relevance of IHL in the context of terrorism , ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? 21 ????? 2005.

[1]

[2]