Lincoln
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Suna saboda
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Lindum Colonia
(en)
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Wuri
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?antacciyar ?asa
| Birtaniya
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Constituent country of the United Kingdom
(en)
| Ingila
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Region of England
(en)
| East Midlands
(en)
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Ceremonial county of England
(en)
| Lincolnshire
(en)
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Non-metropolitan county
(en)
| Lincolnshire
(en)
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Non-metropolitan district
(en)
| Lincoln
(en)
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Babban birnin
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Yawan mutane
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Fa?i
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97,541 (2019)
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• Yawan mutane
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2,733.01 mazaunan/km²
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Labarin ?asa
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Yawan fili
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35.69 km²
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Altitude
(en)
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31 m
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Bayanan tarihi
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Muhimman sha'ani
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Tsarin Siyasa
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Gangar majalisa
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City of Lincoln Council
(en)
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Bayanan Tuntu?a
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Lambar aika sa?o
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LN1-LN6
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Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci
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Tsarin lamba ta kiran tarho
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01522
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Wasu abun
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Yanar gizo
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lincoln.gov.uk
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Lincoln
birni ne na babban coci kuma gundumomi a cikin
Lincolnshire
,
Ingila
, wanda birni ne. A cikin ?idayar jama'a ta 2021, gundumar Lincoln tana da yawan jama'a 103,813. ?idayar 2011 ta ba da yankin biranen Lincoln, gami da Arewacin Hykeham da Waddington, yawan jama'a 115,000, adadi wanda aka sabunta zuwa 127,540 tare da ?idayar 2021.
[1]
Roman Lindum Colonia ya samo asali ne daga yankin Iron Age na Birtaniyya akan Kogin Witham, kusa da titin Fosse Way. Bayan lokaci an ta?aita sunansa zuwa Lincoln, bayan ?auyuka masu zuwa, gami da Saxons da Danes. Alamomin ?asa sun ha?a da Cathedral na Lincoln (Turanci Gothic gine; sama da shekaru 200 gini mafi tsayi a duniya) da Norman Lincoln Castle na ?arni na 11. Garin yana karbar bakuncin Jami'ar Lincoln, Jami'ar Bishop Grosseteste, Lincoln City FC da Lincoln United FC Lincoln shine mafi girman mazauni a cikin Lincolnshire, tare da garuruwan Grimsby na biyu mafi girma da Scunthorpe na uku.
Asalin farko na Lincoln za a iya gano shi zuwa ragowar
zamanin Iron Age
na kewayen gidaje na katako, wanda masana ilimin kimiya na kayan tarihi suka gano a cikin 1972, wa?anda aka yi kwanan watan karni na 1 KZ.
[2]
An gina ta ne ta wani tafki mai zurfi (yanzu
Brayford Pool
) a cikin
Kogin Witham
a gindin wani babban tudu, wanda daga baya
Normans
suka gina Lincoln Cathedral da
Lincoln Castle
).
Sunan Lincoln na iya fitowa daga wannan lokacin, lokacin da ake tunanin an sanya sunan yankin a cikin
yaren Brittonic
na Iron Age mazaunan
Celtic
na Biritaniya kamar
Lindon
, "Pool",
[3]
mai yiwuwa yana nufin Brayford Pool (kwatanta ilimin ?a'idar
Dublin
)., daga Gaelic
dubh linn
"black pool"). Ba a san iyakar asalin matsugunin ba, saboda an binne gawarwakin a ?ar?ashin rugujewar Rumawa da na zamanin da da Lincoln na zamani.
Romawa sun ci wannan yanki na Biritaniya a cikin 48 AZ kuma ba da da?ewa ba suka gina wani kagara mai tsayi a kan wani tudu da ke kallon tafkin na halitta, Brayford Pool, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar fa?a?a kogin Witham, da ?arshen arewacin hanyar
Fosse Way
Roman Road (A46) . Celtic
Lindon
ya kasance daga baya
Latinised
zuwa
Lindum
kuma an ?ara taken
Colonia
lokacin da tsoffin sojoji suka zaunar da shi.
[4]
Juyawa zuwa
mulkin mallaka
ya faru lokacin da ?ungiyar ta koma
York
(
Eboracum
) a cikin 71 AZ.
Lindum colonia
ko fiye da cikakke,
Colonia Domitiana Lindensium
, bayan Sarkin
Domitian
na lokacin, an kafa shi a cikin ganuwar katangar tudu ta hanyar shimfida shi da kusan yanki daidai, ?asa da tudu zuwa bakin ruwa.
Ya zama wurin zama mai ci gaba da samun dama daga teku ta
Kogin Trent
da ta Kogin Witham. Bisa lafazin cin hanci da rashawa na bishop bishop na Burtaniya da aka ce sun halarci
Majalisar Arles ta 314
, ana ganin birnin a matsayin babban birnin
lardin
Flavia Caesariensis
, wanda aka kafa a ?arshen karni na 3 na
Diocletian Reforms
. Bayan haka, garin da magudanan ruwa ya ragu. A ?arshen karni na 5, ya kasance ba kowa, ko da yake wasu sana'o'i sun ci gaba a ?ar?ashin
Praefectus Civitatis
-
Saint Paulinus
ya ziyarci wani mutum mai wannan ofishin a Lincoln a 629 AD
Kabilun Jamusawa daga yankin Tekun Arewa sun zauna Lincolnshire a ?arni na 5 zuwa na 6. Latin
Lindum Colonia
ya ragu a cikin
Tsohon Turanci
zuwa Lindocolina, sannan zuwa Lincylene.
[5]
Bayan hare-haren
Viking
na farko, birnin ya sake tashi zuwa wani mahimmanci tare da alakar kasuwanci ta ketare. A zamanin Viking Lincoln yana da nata na'urar, wanda shine mafi mahimmanci a Lincolnshire kuma a ?arshen karni na 10, kwatankwacin fitarwa zuwa na
York
.
[6]
Bayan kafa
Danelaw
a cikin 886, Lincoln ya zama ?aya daga cikin
Gundumomin Gabas ta Tsakiya Biyar
. Binciken da aka yi a Flaxengate ya nuna cewa yankin da ba kowa tun zamanin Romawa ya sami gine-ginen katako da ke gaban wani sabon tsarin titi a kusan 900.
[7]
Lincoln ya fuskanci fashewar tattalin arziki tare da zama na
Danes
. Kamar York, Babban Birnin da alama yana da ayyukan gudanarwa kawai har zuwa 850 ko makamancin haka, yayin da ?ananan City, ?asa da tudun zuwa Kogin Witham, na iya zama ba kowa. A shekara ta 950, duk da haka, an ha?aka bankunan Witham, an sake tsugunar da ?ananan City da kuma kewayen Wigford a matsayin cibiyar ciniki.
A cikin 1068, shekaru biyu bayan
cin nasarar Norman na Ingila
,
William na
ba da umarnin gina Lincoln Castle a wurin tsohon mazaunin Romawa, don dalilai iri ?aya da sarrafa hanya ?aya,
Fosse Way
.
[8]
A lokacin
Anarchy
, a cikin 1141 Lincoln wurin da aka
yi ya?i
tsakanin
Sarki Stephen
da sojojin
Empress Matilda
, wanda ?an'uwanta ?an shege
Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester
ya jagoranta. Bayan an gwabza kazamin fada a titunan birnin, sojojin Stephen sun ci nasara kuma aka kama Stephen da kansa aka kai shi
Bristol
.
A shekara ta 1150, Lincoln yana cikin garuruwan da suka fi arziki a Ingila, wanda ya dogara da tattalin arziki akan tufafi da
ulu
da aka fitar da su zuwa
Flanders
;
Masu sa?a
na Lincoln sun kafa wata
?ungiya
a cikin 1130 don samar da Lincoln Cloth, musamman rini mai kyau "Sluve" da "kore", wanda daga baya ?an wasan nan
Robin Hood
ya ha?aka sunansa sanye da ulun
Lincoln kore
. A cikin Guildhall, wanda ke kewaye da ?ofar birni da ake kira
Stonebow
, tsohuwar Majalisar Majalisar ta ?unshi alamun jama'a na Lincoln, tarin kyawawan kayan gargajiya.
A waje da wuraren da ke cikin babban coci da katafaren gini, tsohon kwata ya taru a zagaye na Bailgate da gangaren
Dutsen Dutse
zuwa
Babban Titin
da
Babban Gada
, wanda gidaje
masu rabin katako
ke kan kogin. Akwai tsoffin majami'u uku:
St Mary le Wigford
da
St Peter a Gowts
, duka ?arni na 11 na asali, da
St Mary Magdalene
, daga ?arshen karni na 13. Na ?arshe shi ne sadaukarwar da ba a saba gani ba a Turanci ga wani waliyyi wanda ?aba'arsa ke ta yawo a nahiyar Turai a lokacin.
- ↑
"TS001 - Number of usual residents in households and communal establishments - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics"
.
www.nomisweb.co.uk
. Retrieved
2022-11-14
.
- ↑
"Lincoln Population: 2022".
worldpopulationreview.com
- ↑
https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/datasets/c2021ts001
- ↑
https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/localarea?compare=E34005030
- ↑
https://citypopulation.de/en/uk/eastmidlands/admin/north_kesteven/E04005843__waddington/
- ↑
Finds suggest a 100-to-1 preponderance over the nominal mints of Caistor, Horncastle and Louth; a hoard recovered at Corringham, near Gainsborough, consists mainly of coins minted at Lincoln and York (David Michael Metcalf,
An Atlas of Anglo-Saxon and Norman Coin Finds, c. 973?1086
, 1998:198?200).
- ↑
Richard Hall,
Viking Age Archaeology
(series Shire Archaeology) 2010:23.
- ↑
https://books.google.com/books?id=YN_YPQAACAAJ