Duniyar Musulunci
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Wuri
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Duniyar Musulunci
ta ?unshi dukkan mutanen da suke cikin
Musulunci
. Ba wuri ne na ainihi ba, amma dai al'umma ne.Lokacin da suke yin abubuwa tare a matsayinsu na musulmai, sune "umma", wanda ke nufin "al'umma" wanda ke nufin dukkan masu imani. Bangaskiyar tana jaddada hadin kai da kare 'yan uwa musulmai, don haka abu ne na gama gari wadannan al'ummomin su bada hadin kai. Rikice-rikicen baya-bayan nan a cikin Duniyar Musulmai wani lokaci sun yadu saboda wannan sha'awar na hada kai (duba kasa). Hakanan yana yiwuwa wasu an sanya su gajeru kuma ba su da lahani saboda shi. Wasu ma ba su fara ba.
Musulmai suna cikin kasyashe da yawa. A cikin ?asashe 52, Musulmai sun fi yawa. Kusan dukkansu
'yan Sunna ne
. Suna magana game da yaruka 60 kuma sun fito ne daga kowane ?abila.
- Musulmai miliyan 10.4 a
Kanada
da
Amurka
- Musulmai miliyan 2.2 a Latin da Amurka ta Tsakiya
- Musulmai miliyan 10.0 a
Tarayyar Turai ha?e
da
Bosnia-Herzegovina
da
Albania
- ka?an ko ka?an a Gabashin Turai,
Norway
- Musulmai miliyan 62.4 a
Turkiyya
- Musulmai miliyan 284.4 a cikin
Ha?a??iyar Daular Larabawa
gami da
Iraki
(tare da
'yan Shi'a
miliyan 15, kashi 60% na yawan jama'ar)
- 254.0 Musulmai a Yankin Saharar
Afirka
- Musulmai miliyan 65.4 (90%
Shi'a
) a
Iran
- Musulmai miliyan 48.5 a
Asiya ta Tsakiya
- a
Azerbaijan
,
Uzebekistan
,
Tajikistan
,
Kazakhstan
,
Kyrgyzstan
,
Turkmenistan
- tsoffin jamhuriyoyin Tarayyar Sobiyat'
- Musulmai miliyan 26.7 a
Rasha
- Musulmai miliyan 22.7 a
Afghanistan
- Musulmai miliyan 230.0 a
Pakistan
da
Bangladesh
(a da can
yankin gabashin Bengal ne
).
- Musulmai miliyan 133.3 a
Indiya
(wa?anda suka ha?a da
Jammu da Kashmir
) - mafi yawan tsiraru a duniya
- Musulmai miliyan 133.1 a China - kusan na biyu kenan
- Musulmai miliyan 34.6 a Somaliya
- Musulmai miliyan 196.3 a
Indonesia
- Musulmai miliyan 30.0 a sauran yankin Kudu maso Gabashin
Asiya
, musamman
Malesiya
- ka?an ko ka?an a
Japan
, Australia,
New Zealand
,
Mongolia
, ko South Pacific
Gidan talabijin na tauraron ?an adam na
Al-Jazeera
a cikin harshen larabci
shine tushen labarai da yawa musulmai ke kallo.
A galibin ?asashen
Musulmi
, gwamnati ita ce babbar hanyar samun labarai. Wannan wani lokaci yakan sanya ya zama da wahala ko ha?ari sosai don yin maganganun adawa da gwamnati.
Duk da haka, akwai wasu shirye-shiryen labarai da yanar gizo da yawa a duniyar musulmai.
Shari'ar Musulunci
ta wanzu a cikin bambance-bambancen da yawa - a larabci ana kiranta shariah- makarantu biyar wa?anda aka ?ir?ira su ?arni da suka gabata. Wa?annan su ne na gargajiya fiqh: da
Hanafi
makaranta daga
Indiya
,
Pakistan
da kuma
Bangaladesh
,
Yammacin Afrika
,
Misira
, da
Maliki
a arewacin
Afirka
da kuma
yankin yammacin Afirka
, da Shafi a
Malaysia
da kuma
Indonesia
, da
Hanbali
a
Arabia
, da kuma Jaferi a
Iran
da kuma
kasar Iraki
-inda mafiya yawansu
yan Shia ne
. Duk biyar din sun tsufa kuma Musulmai da yawa suna jin cewa dole ne a ?ir?iri sabon fiqhu don zamantakewar zamani. Musulunci yana da hanyar yin hakan, al-urf da ijtihadi kalmomi ne da za su bayyana wannan hanyar, amma ba a yi amfani da su cikin dogon lokaci ba, kuma mutane kalilan ne aka aminta da su don amfani da su don yin sabbin dokoki.
Don haka, a galibin ?asashen musulmai, mutane suna da ra'ayin mazan jiya, musamman game da shaye-shaye, zina, zubar da ciki da kuma
mata da
ke aiki a wuraren da ake amfani da su don yaudarar kwastomomi.
Mata musulmai galibi suna yin suturar da ta dace, kuma da yawa suna yin hakan ta za?a. Amma a wasu kasashen an tilasta musu yin hakan ba da son ransu ba. Wannan na daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da tashin hankali tsakanin Yammacin Duniya da na Musulmai.
Tattalin arzikin musulunci ya hana bashi amma a yawancin ?asashen musulmai an yarda da bankunan yamma. Wannan wani batun ne da musulmai da yawa suke da shi da kasashen yamma.
Kashi ?aya cikin hu?u na yawan mutanen duniya suna raba addinin Islama a matsayin al'adar ?abi'a.
Mutane da yawa a cikin wa?annan ?asashe kuma suna ganin Musulunci a matsayin ?ungiyar siyasa. A cikin ?asashen dimokiradiyya galibi akwai a?alla jam’iyya daya ta Musulunci.
Addinin Musulunci na siyasa yana da ?arfi a duk ?asashen da Musulmai suka fi yawa. Jam’iyyun Islama a
Pakistan
da
Algeria
sun karbi mulki.
Da yawa daga cikin wa?annan ?ungiyoyi suna kiran kansu masu kishin Islama,wanda kuma wani lokacin ke bayyana ?ungiyoyin Islama masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. Dangantaka tsakanin wa?annan rukunin da ra'ayoyinsu na
dimokira?iyya
suna da rikitarwa.
Wasu daga cikin wadannan ?ungiyoyin ana kiransu
'yan ta'adda
saboda suna afkawa fararen hular wasu kasashen da ba musulmai ba,don yin batun siyasa.
Isra’ila ba
ta da matukar farin jini a duniyar Musulmi, saboda rikicin Isra’ila da Falasdinu da kuma yadda kasar Isra’ila ta samu kanta a shekarar 1948
wanda Larabawa da
yawa suke ganin bai dace ba.
Wasu Musulmai na ganin wannan a matsayin yakar yahudawa ko
yahudawa
, amma ba duka ba.
Misali a Maroko
, a kwanan nan masu kishin Islama sun gayyaci
yahudawa
zuwa jam'iyyar.Kungiyoyin yahudawa kuma suna hada kai da Larabawa a Yammacin Kogin Jordan,inda Neturei Karta (shugaban yahudawan da ke kyamar yahudawa) Rabbi Mosche Hirsch ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Harkokin
Yahudawa
a Fatah kafin a sami
Hukumar Falasdinawa
. Kamar Larabawa, wannan ?aramin rukuni na yahudawa suna ganin yadda aka halicci
Isra'ila
ba daidai bane. Koyaya, Yahudawa ?alilan ne suka gaskata wannan, kuma mafi yawansu suna goyon bayan
Isra'ila
a matsayin kasa.
A cikin shekarar
1979
an sami babban canji game da yadda duniyar Musulmai take mu'amala da sauran ?asashen duniya. A waccan shekarar,
Masar ta
yi sulhu da
Isra’ila
,
Iran ta
zama kasar Musulunci bayan juyin juya hali, sannan akwai mamayar
Afganistan
ta
Tarayyar Soviet
. Abubuwa da yawa sun canza a waccan shekarar. Zuwa
2001
Tarayyar Soviet ta
tafi,
Jodan
ma sun yi sulhu da
Isra’ila
, kuma a ranar 11 ga watan Satumbar, 2001 an kai wasu manyan hare-hare kan
Amurka
wanda galibin mutane suka yi imanin cewa an yi su ne don korar Amurka daga duniyar
Musulmi
, musamman
Saudiyya
. Ta hanyoyi da yawa al'amuran 1979 suka haifar da abubuwan 2001.
Mamayewar
Afghanistan
a 2001 da mamayewar 2003 a Iraq ana kiranta wani ?angare na Ya?i da Ta’addanci da
Amurka
. Da yawa ko mafi yawan musulmai suna ganin kamar Yaki ne akan Musulunci . Bayan mamayar, jam'iyyun Islama sun sami karin kujeru, kuma akasarin musulmin da aka zaba a kasashe da dama sun nuna goyon baya ga Osama bin Laden kuma sun ce zai "yi abin da ya dace". Olivier Roy wani malamin
Faransa
ne wanda ke ganin cewa wannan ba ya nuna goyon baya ga
al-Qaeda
ko Islama mai gwagwarmaya amma yana adawa da mulkin mallaka da abin da Musulmai da yawa ke kira wariyar launin fata kyakkyawar kulawa ga yahudawa musamman wa?anda ke zaune a yankunan Yammacin Kogin Jordan, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu suna da
Amurka
ko
Ingila
. fasfo, kuma wanda
Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta
ce ba su da ikon zama a wurin.
Yanayin yana da rikitarwa kuma akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da shi.
?ungiyar Taron Musulunci wanda aka kafa a 1969 ya bar ?asashen musulmai suyi aiki a matsayin ?ungiya.
Rasha ta
shiga cikin
2003
.
?ungiyar
Larabawa
?aramin rukuni ne na ?asashen Larabawa kawai.
OPEC wani dandali ne inda ake samun matsala tsakanin kasashen musulmai da wadanda ba musulmi ba. A cikin shekarar 1973 dan nuna rashin amincewa da goyon bayan
Amurka
ga
Isra'ila
akwai takunkumin mai wanda ya haifar da rikicin makamashi a shekarar 1973.