???????????? ?????? ???? ? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??. ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???. ????? ???? ?? ???? ? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??.

???? ???? ( ??????? ???? ????), ?????? ?????? ?????? 10 ?????? 1875??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??. ^[?] ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ????? ???.??????? ?????????? (??????????? ???????)?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???. ????? ???????? 30 ?? 40 ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??.

???? ?????? ??????? [ ?????? ??? ]

????? ????? [ ?????? ??? ]

1869 ?? 1873 ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???. ? ???????? ?????? "????? ?????"??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???. ????? ????????????? ????? ??????, ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? 1869??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????? 50 ??????????? ??????? ????? ????. ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????????? (1870), ?????? (1870), ????? (1870) ??? ??????? (1873)??? ?????? ???.

????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ???. ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???. ???? ???, ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? (???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????) ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ???. ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ? ???? ? ??? ? ??????, ????????????? ???????, ????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???. ? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ? ????????? ????? ????. ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????.

???????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ? ??????????? ??? ?? ???. ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???, ???? ? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ???. ????? ??? ????? ????, ???????? ????????? ??-?? ??? ??? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???. 1874?? ????????, ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??. ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?????, ??? ?????? ????? ????(?????????) 1876??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???.

??? ??????? ???? [ ?????? ??? ]

?????? ???? ????(1872- 1873) ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? , ????????? ???? , ???????????? ????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???. ? ?????????? ??????? ??????? 1828??? ?? ???, ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????(?????, ????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????) ??? ??????(????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????). ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????, ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???, ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ???????? ????.

?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????, ????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????. ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????, ????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???.

?????? ?????? [ ?????? ??? ]

????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ????? ???. ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????. ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???. ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??.

?????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???. ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ?? ????????? 1874??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?? ?????, ????, ????, ?????, ???????, ???????, ???????, ??????, ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????. ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? 1875??? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???. ? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????.

??? ????'?? ????? ?????? [ ?????? ??? ]

???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????. ?????? 20 ???????, 1874?? ??? ????? ???????? ????. ? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????. ?? ????, ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???. ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???, ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???. ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? 60 ??? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???.

?????????? ???? ?????? [ ?????? ??? ]

???????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? , ???????? ?????? ??? ?????, ??? 11 ???????? 1874?? ????? ????? ?????????. ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???. ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????.

????????? ????????? ????? [ ?????? ??? ]

????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 31 ????????, 1874?? ????? ??? ????????. ????, ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????. ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???. ??????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???, ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ‘???? ????’ ???? ‘??????? ?? ??????’??? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? 28 ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????.

?????????? ???????? [ ?????? ??? ]

????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????, ????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????. ???? 27?? ?????????, 1875?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???, ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ????????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???. ? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????.

???????? ???? ????? [ ?????? ??? ]

?????? ?????? 29 ?????????, 1875?? ????? ????? ???????? ????, ??? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ???. ????, ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???. ? ????, ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???, ???? ??????, 100 ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????. ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ???. ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????, "??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????” ??????? ???? ???? ?????.

If you are able to achieve something for the good of mankind by a Samaj, then establish a Samaj; I will not stand in your way. But if you do not organize it properly, there will be a lot of trouble in the future. As for me, I will only instruct you in the same way as I teach others, and this much you should keep clearly in mind: my beliefs are not unique, and I am not omniscient. Therefore, if in the future any error of mine should be discovered after rational examination, then set it right. If you do not act in this way, then this Samaj too will later on become just a sect. That is the way by which so many sectarian divisions have become prevalent in India: by making the guru’s word the touchstone of truth and thus fostering deep-seated prejudices which make the people religion-blind, cause quarrels and destroy all right knowledge. That is the way India arrived at her sorry contemporary state, and that is the way this Samaj too would grow to be just another sect. This is my firm opinion: even if there be many different sectarian beliefs prevalent in India, if only they all acknowledge the Vedas, then all those small rivers will reunite in the ocean of Vedic Wisdom, and the unity of dharma will come about. From that unity of dharma there will result social and economic reform, arts and crafts and other human endeavors will improve as desired, and man’s life will find fulfillment: because, by the power of that dharma all values will become accessible to him, economic values as well as psychological ones, and also the supreme value of moksha.

10?? ?????? 1875??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???. ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? 100 ???. ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????, ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ???? ????, ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???.

???? ?????? ????????? [ ?????? ??? ]

24?? ??? 1877???, ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???. ????, ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? 28 ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???. ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????, ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????. ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? 10 ????????? ??????????? ?????. ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ? ????????? ?? ?????? ???.

????, ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???? ???. ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????. ????, ? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????. ? ?????, ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????. ??? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????? , ??? , ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ???. ? ????????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? , ?????? ???? , ????????? ??? , ???? ???? , ??????? ?????? , ??????? , ??????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????????, ??????? , ???-???? , ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???.

???? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? [ ?????? ??? ]

1877 ?? 1882 ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??. (?????????? ????????? ??????? ????, ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???.)

??????? ????? [ ?????? ??? ]

1877???, ?????????? 1877??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???. ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??, ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ????. ???????, ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???. ?????????? ?????? ?????? 18 ?????????, 1878?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??? ????

There exist a number of Americans and others who earnestly seek spiritual knowledge. They place themselves at your feet and pray you [sic] to enlighten them. They are united in the object of gaining wisdom and becoming better. For this purpose they organized themselves into a body called the Theosophical Society three years ago. Finding in Christianity nothing that should satisfy their reason or intention they (…) have turned to the East for light and openly proclaimed themselves foes of Christianity. We come to your feet as children to a parent and say: ‘Look at us, our teacher. Tell us what we ought to do. We place ourselves under your instructions.’

????? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????. 22 ?? 1878?? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? "? ?????????? ??????? ?? ? ???? ???? ?? ?????????" ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????.

????????? ??? ????????? [ ?????? ??? ]

??????????????? ? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????. ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???. ?????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???, ???????????? ???????, ????????, ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???. ????, ??????????? ? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???. ????????? 1878???, ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????. ????, ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? '? ?????????? ??????? ?? ? ???? ???? ?? ??????????' ???????? ?????? ????. ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????.

?????? ? ?? ??? ???? ?????? [ ?????? ??? ]

????, ? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???. 1879 ?? 1881 ?????, ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???. ????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???, ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??, ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???. ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???. ????????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??, ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ??, ????? ???????? ???? ??, "?? ????????, ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??". ??, ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ???? ????? ?????. ????, 28 ????? 1882?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??.

??? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ???. ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??. ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??.

??? ?????? ?????? [ ?????? ??? ]

1875???, ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ^{[?] [?]} ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ???. ^{[?] [?] [?]} ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ^[?] ??? ????? ^[?] ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ^[?] . ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? "????" ????? ???. ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ^[?] ?? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???. ???? ???????, ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????.

???? [ ?????? ??? ]

??????? [ ?????? ??? ]

• ????? ???????, ??.?., ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ????, ??? ??????, ??.?. ??. ???????????(2001)
• ??.??.??. ????????, ?????? ??????? , ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?????(1978).
• ???? ??? , ? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????, ???????? ???? ??????????, ??? ? ???????????? ????? ?? ? ??????? , ??.??.?. ????? ???????? ?????, ??? ??????(1915), ???????? 9788185047775.
• ???? ??? , ? ???????? ?? ? ???? ???? , ??? ??????(1993), ???????? 812150578X
• ??. ??????, ???????????????? ???? ????? ???????????? , ????????? ??????????? ?????, ?????(2007), ???????? 978-0199212705.
• ??. ??. ?????, ?????? ??????? ? ?????????? , ?????? ????????? ???????????????? ???????, ???????(1998), ???????? 81-7476-212-4.
• ????????? ????, "??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????" ?? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????

??? ????? [ ?????? ??? ]

• ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ? ??????, ????? ???? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ???? ???? ?????? ????????, 1954.
• ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????, 1967.
• ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????, 1875-1920 . ??. ??? ?????? 1972??? ????????.
• ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ????? ?? ? ????????????? ?? ? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? . ????????? ????, ????????? ??? ?????? 1975??? ????????.
• ????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? . ????????? ????, ????????? ??? ?????? 1975??? ????????.
• ??. ????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? . ????? ?????? 1983??? ????????. ???????? 0803959125.
• ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????? . ??. ??. ????????? ?????? 1985??? ????????.
• ??????? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ? ?????? ????????? 1875-1918 . ????? ???????????, 1988. ???????? 0803959125.
• ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???????, 1875-1947 . ????????? ????????? ?????? 1990??? ????????. ???????? 0803959125.
• ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? , ?? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

????? ???? [ ?????? ??? ]

• ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? .
• ???????? ??????, ?????? ^{[ ????? ???? ??? ??? ]}
• ???? ????????? ???, ???????
• ?????? ???? ????????? ???, ???? ???????? ????-??-?? ?? ??? ????? ????