????

????
????
	????????? ; ??????
	???????, ???????????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????
??? ????? ????
????	c. ??? ? c. ??? ?? ??????
???????????	?.?. ?????? ???
????????	????????
???????	???? ?????
????	?.?. ?????? ??? ; ?????????? , ????
??????	?.?. ?????? ??? (???? ??) ; ?????????? , ????
Consort	????????????
??????	???? ; ??????? ; ???? ???????? ; ??????????? ;
????	???????? ; ????????? ; ????? ; ????? ; ??????? ;
???	????? ???
????	????????
????	??????????

???? (???????? ?.?. ?????? ???-???) ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??. ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????????, ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ????, ?? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????. ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ??.

???? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? , ??????????? , ?????? ????? , ????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???.

?????? ???? [ ?????? ??? ]

???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???. ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ???. ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????. ??? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ? ????.

?????? ??? ???-???? (?????) ???. ??????? ? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???.

????????? ??????? [ ?????? ??? ]

?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? ???. ??????????? ??????-?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????. ???????? ????? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ??? ????. ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???. ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ???.

?????? ? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???. ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ???. ???? ???? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???. ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???.

? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????. ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????-?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ?? ?????? '????'?? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????.

???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????. ????? ?? ???? ? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???.

??????? ????? [ ?????? ??? ]

??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ????? ????. ? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???. ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??????.

????? ???? ??????? [ ?????? ??? ]

??.?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? , ???? ??????

??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????. ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????. ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???-???? ?????. ???????? ????? ??????????, ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????.

???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? , ???????? , ??????????? , ??????, ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???.

????? [ ?????? ??? ]

????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ?.??. ?????? ???? ????. ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???, ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???. ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????. ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????.

????? [ ?????? ??? ]

??? ??? ?????? ??????????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??. ???? (??????????) ???? ??????????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??. ??????????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??. ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??.

????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??.

? ?? ??? [ ?????? ??? ]

????? ???

?????? [ ?????? ??? ]

↑ Lars Fogelin (? ?????? ????). An Archaeological History of Indian Buddhism . Oxford University Press. ????? ???. ISBN 978-0-19-994823-9 .
↑ Fred Kleiner (? ????????? ????). Gardner’s Art through the Ages: A Global History . Cengage Learning. ????? ????. ISBN 978-1-305-54484-0 .
↑ ^?.? ^?.? Upinder Singh 2008 , p. ???.

[Fogelin2015-1] Lars Fogelin (? ?????? ????). An Archaeological History of Indian Buddhism . Oxford University Press. ????? ???. ISBN 978-0-19-994823-9 .

[Kleiner2015-2] Fred Kleiner (? ????????? ????). Gardner’s Art through the Ages: A Global History . Cengage Learning. ????? ????. ISBN 978-1-305-54484-0 .

[FOOTNOTEUpinder_Singh2008૩૩૧-3] ?.? ^?.? Upinder Singh 2008 , p. ???.

[?]

[?]

[?]