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- ↑
{Cite web|url=
https://www.amar.org.ir/news/ID/2504/?????-?????-??????-??-????-?????-???????-?????-????-?-????-???-??-???-??????????-?????-????-?-???????-??????-??????-?-??????????-??????-?????-??%7Ctitle=?????
????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??|website=www.amar.org.ir|accessdate=8 ??? 2019}}
- ↑
{?????? ??|?????=?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????|?????=
http://www.dgmtechnomix.com/??????-??????-?????-????-??-????-??-???/%7C???????=2019-07-27%7C??
????=fa-IR}}
- ↑
{?????? ??|?????=GORGAN v. Pre-Islamic history ? Encyclopaedia Iranica|?????=
http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gorgan-v%7C?????=www.iranicaonline.org%7C???????=2019-07-27}}
- ↑
{?????? ??|?????=GORGAN vi. History From The Rise Of Islam ? Encyclopaedia Iranica|?????=
http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gorgan-vi%7C?????=www.iranicaonline.org%7C???????=2019-07-27}}
- ↑
{?????? ??|???????=|?? ????=|?????=|?????=|?????=
https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_27_r.xlsx%7C?????=?????
???? ?????}}
- ↑
{Cite web|url=
https://rotbe3.com/economic/social/the-largest-cities-in-iran-based-on-population/%7Ctitle=????????
?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? | 50 ??? ??? | ???? :: Rotbe3|accessdate=8 ??? 2019}}
