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???????? (?? ??????? : Mars 2020 ) ?? ??????? ??????? ? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???. ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??. [?] ? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??:?? UTC ?? ????? ???? ???. [?] ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ???. [?]

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???????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? [?] ?? ? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???? ???? ????? ??. ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?????????. [?] ??????? ?? ??????? [?] [?] ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ?? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ????????. [??] [??]

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??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????. [??] [??] ?????? Mastcam-Z ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????.

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??? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? [??] ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????.

?? ??????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????. [??]

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?? ?????? ?????? ?? ? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????: [??] [??]

  1. ????? ????? (Jezero Crater)
  2. ???? ???? ????? ?????? (Syrtis)
  3. ??? ?????? (Columbia Hills)

?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??. [??]

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????? [ ?????? ]

  1. ??? ??? mars.nasa.gov. "Touchdown! NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover Safely Lands on Red Planet" . NASA. Archived from the original on 20 February 2021 . Retrieved 18 February 2021 . مالکیت عمومی This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  2. ≪Atlas 5 to launch Mars 2020 rover≫ . SpaceNews.com (?? ???????). ????-??-?? . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  3. "Mars 2020 Mission Overview" . mars.nasa.gov (?? ???????) . Retrieved 2020-06-20 .
  4. Chang, Alicia (9 July 2013). "Panel: Next Mars rover should gather rocks, soil" . Associated Press . Retrieved 12 July 2013 .
  5. Schulte, Mitch (20 December 2012). "Call for Letters of Application for Membership on the Science Definition Team for the 2020 Mars Science Rover" (PDF) . NASA. NNH13ZDA003L. مالکیت عمومی This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  6. ≪???? ???? ??????? ≪???? ????≫ ????? ??????? ???? ???? ≪??????≫ ?????? ??≫ . ???? ?????? ????? . ?? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  7. Amos, Jonathan (4 December 2012). "Nasa to send new rover to Mars in 2020" . BBC News . Retrieved 5 December 2012 .
  8. Webster, Guy; Brown, Dwayne (21 January 2014). "NASA Receives Mars 2020 Rover Instrument Proposals for Evaluation" . NASA . Retrieved 21 January 2014 .
  9. Timmer, John (31 July 2014). "NASA announces the instruments for the next Mars rover" . ARS Technica . Retrieved 7 March 2015 .
  10. ???? ???? Brown, Dwayne (31 July 2014). "RELEASE 14-208 ? NASA Announces Mars 2020 Rover Payload to Explore the Red Planet as Never Before" . NASA . Retrieved 31 July 2014 .
  11. Brown, Dwayne (31 July 2014). "NASA Announces Mars 2020 Rover Payload to Explore the Red Planet as Never Before" . NASA . Retrieved 31 July 2014 .
  12. "NASA announces plans for new $1.5 billion Mars rover" (?? ???????). 2012-12-04. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018 . Retrieved 2018-07-22 .
  13. "New Details on the 2020 Mars Rover" . www.planetary.org (?? ???????) . Retrieved 2018-07-22 .
  14. ≪Mars 2020 rover receives upgraded eyesight for tricky skycrane landing ? NASASpaceFlight.com≫ . www.nasaspaceflight.com (?? ???????) . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  15. mars.nasa.gov. ≪Rover Body - Mars 2020 Rover≫ . mars.jpl.nasa.gov . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  16. ≪???? ???? ???? 2020 ?? ?????????? ????? | You Can≫ . You Can. ????-??-?? . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  17. ≪NASA's 2020 Mars rover to have 23 'eyes' - Times of India≫ . The Times of India . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  18. ≪Scientists Offer Wary Support for NASA's New Mars Rover≫ . Space.com . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  19. ≪2020 Landing Site for Mars Rover Mission - DEV≫ . marsnext.jpl.nasa.gov . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
  20. Witze, Alexandra (2017-02-11). "Three sites where NASA might retrieve its first Mars rock" . Nature (?? ???????). 542 (7641): 279?280. doi : 10.1038/nature.2017.21470 . ISSN   0028-0836 .
  21. Chang? Kenneth ( ????-??-?? ). ≪NASA Mars 2020 Rover Gets a Landing Site: A Crater That Contained a Lake≫ (?? ???????). The New York Times. ????   0362-4331 . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .

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