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?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? (?? ??????? : Left of Centre politics ) ?? (?? ?????? ???????? center-left politics)? ????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???. ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??-???? ???. ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????. ^[?] ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????. ^[?] ?? ????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ≪??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ? ?????????? ??? ? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? (?? ??? ?????) ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????.≫ ^[?]

?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ? ???? ??? ? ?? ???????? ?????? ? ????????????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??????. ^[?] ?? ????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???. ^[?]

?? ????? ? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ??? ? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????????????? ????????? ???. ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????. ^[?]^[?]

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?????? " ?? ????? " ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ^[?] ?? ????? ???? ? ????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???.

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↑ Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior . Oxon, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2008. Pp. 146.
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior . Oxon, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2008. Pp. 143.
↑ Dr. Chris Armstrong. Rethinking Equality: The Challenge of Equal Citizenship . Manchester, England, UK: Manchester University Press, 2006. P. 89.
↑ John W. Cioffi and Martin Hopner (21 April 2006). "Interests, Preferences, and Center-Left Party Politics in Corporate Governance Reform" (PDF) . Council for European Studies at Columbia University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2010 . Retrieved 14 November 2009 .
↑ Manfred Ertel, Hans-Jurgen Schlamp and Stefan Simons (24 September 2009). "The Credibility Trap ? Europe's Center-Left Parties Stuck in a Dead End" . Der Spiegel . Retrieved 14 November 2009 .
↑ Paul W. Schroeder (1996). The Transformation of European Politics, 1763-1848 . Claredon . p. p. 742. {{ cite book }}: |page= has extra text ( help )

?????????????? ?????????. ≪ Centre-left politics ≫. ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ?? ? ?????? ????.

[1] Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior . Oxon, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2008. Pp. 146.

[Oliver-2] ??? ^??? ^??? Oliver H. Woshinsky. Explaining Politics: Culture, Institutions, and Political Behavior . Oxon, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Routledge, 2008. Pp. 143.

[3] Dr. Chris Armstrong. Rethinking Equality: The Challenge of Equal Citizenship . Manchester, England, UK: Manchester University Press, 2006. P. 89.

[4] John W. Cioffi and Martin Hopner (21 April 2006). "Interests, Preferences, and Center-Left Party Politics in Corporate Governance Reform" (PDF) . Council for European Studies at Columbia University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2010 . Retrieved 14 November 2009 .

[5] Manfred Ertel, Hans-Jurgen Schlamp and Stefan Simons (24 September 2009). "The Credibility Trap ? Europe's Center-Left Parties Stuck in a Dead End" . Der Spiegel . Retrieved 14 November 2009 .

[6] Paul W. Schroeder (1996). The Transformation of European Politics, 1763-1848 . Claredon . p. p. 742. {{ cite book }}: |page= has extra text ( help )

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