??????? ??

??????? ?? (?? ??????? : Pioneer 12 ) ?? ???? ? (?? ??????? : Venus 1 ) ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???.

?????? [ ?????? ]

????? [ ?????? ]

?????????? ??????? . (??????? ?? ? ??????? ????)

? ? ? ???????
??????????? ???????	Pioneer 0 Pioneer 1 Pioneer 2 Pioneer 3 Pioneer 4 Pioneer P-1 (W) Pioneer P-3 (X) Pioneer P-30 (Y) Pioneer P-31 (Z) Pioneer 5 (P-2)	Pioneer 11 at Saturn
??????????? ??????	??????? ?? ?? ? ? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? Pioneer H
??????????? ?????	??????? ?? Pioneer Venus Orbiter Pioneer Venus Multiprobe
?????? ??????	??? ??????? ??????? ??????