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↑ ???? ???? at ??????? (20th ed., 2017)
↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Chadian Arabic" . Glottolog 2.2 . Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. {{ cite book }}: Invalid |display-editors=4 ( help )
↑ Thomason, Sarah Grey (January 1997). Contact Languages: A Wider Perspective . ISBN 9027252394 .

?????????????? ?????????. ≪ Chadian Arabic ≫. ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ?? ?? ??? ????.

[e20-1] ???? ???? at ??????? (20th ed., 2017)

[Glottolog-2] Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarstrom, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Chadian Arabic" . Glottolog 2.2 . Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. {{ cite book }}: Invalid |display-editors=4 ( help )

[3] Thomason, Sarah Grey (January 1997). Contact Languages: A Wider Perspective . ISBN 9027252394 .

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