???? ???????

???? ????? ^[?] ?? ?? ??? ??????? (?? ??????? : Greenwich Mean Time ) ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ≪GMT≫ ??? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????.

??????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? (UTC) ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???????. ???????? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ? ??? ? ??????? ? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ???????? ≪????????≫ ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ??.??.?? (BST) ?? ???? ????? ≪British Summer Time≫ ??????? ??????. ^[?]

??????? [ ?????? ]

?? ??? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???. ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ???????? ? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????. ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???. ^[?]

?? ???? ????? (????) ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ? ??? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????. ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??. ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????. ^[?]

?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??. ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????. ^[?]

??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ????. ^[?] ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ^[?]

??????? ????? ???? [ ?????? ]

???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ? ??? ????????? ???. ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????. ????? ??? ???? ??????.

??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????. ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???:

??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????.
??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????. ^[?]

?? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ??????? ? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??:??
?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????.

????? [ ?????? ]

↑ ???? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ? ??? ????? ?? ??? universal time ? Greenwich Mean Time ?? ??????? ???. ≪?????? ???????? ???? ?????????≫ . ????????? ???? ? ?? ?????. ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ?????????? ?? 25 ????2011 ?? ?? ?????? 5???????1390? ? . ????? ???? ??? ?? |????? ??????= ?? ????? ???? ( ??? )
↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time
↑ ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ?????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ?????? ???? .
↑ http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/
↑ ^??? ^??? ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ?????? ???? .
↑ http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/jan/20/greenwich-mean-time-brief-history
↑ http://www.ehow.com/how_5741868_calculate-greenwich-mean-time-_gmt_.html

?????????????? ?????????. ≪ ???? ??????? ≫. ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ????.

[1] ???? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ? ??? ????? ?? ??? universal time ? Greenwich Mean Time ?? ??????? ???. ≪?????? ???????? ???? ?????????≫ . ????????? ???? ? ?? ?????. ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ?????????? ?? 25 ????2011 ?? ?? ?????? 5???????1390? ? . ????? ???? ??? ?? |????? ??????= ?? ????? ???? ( ??? )

[2] ttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time

[3] ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ?????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ?????? ???? .

[4] ttp://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/

[wwp.greenwichmeantime.com-5] ??? ^??? ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ?????? ???? .

[6] ttp://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/jan/20/greenwich-mean-time-brief-history

[7] ttp://www.ehow.com/how_5741868_calculate-greenwich-mean-time-_gmt_.html

[?]

[?]

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[?]

? ? ? ??????????? ? ???????????? ????
??????? ????	???? ??? ???? ???? Orders of magnitude ????????
???????????? ??????????	???? ?????? ????? UTC offset UT ΔT DUT1 IERS ISO 31-1 ???? ???? TAI 12-hour clock ???? ?????????? ????? Barycentric Coordinate Time Civil time ???? ???????? Geocentric Coordinate Time ?? ???????? ????? ????? New Earth Time ???? ??????? Terrestrial Time ????? ?????
???????????? ?????	Barycentric Dynamical Time Ephemeris time ???? ??????? ?????????? ????
???? ?? ?????	??? ? ???? ???? ??????? Chronon ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? Coordinate time Cosmological decade ???? ?????? ? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????
?????????	???? Astrarium ???? ???? Complication ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? Marine chronometer Marine sandglass Radio clock ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????? Dialing scales Equation of time History of sundials
?????????	Astronomical Dominical letter Epact ???????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? Weekday determination ??? ?????? ????
???????????? ? ??????????	Dating methodologies ????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????
????????? ??????????	??? ??????? Nuclear timescale ???? ?????? ???? ?????
??????? ????	??? ??? ??? Fortnight ???? (????) Jiffy Lustrum ????? ????? ???? (????) ??? (????) ??? (????) Paksha ?????? ????? Shake Tide ???? ???
????????? ??????	????????? ?????? Mental chronometry Metric time System time Time value of money Timekeeper